The paper presents the results of tests aimed to study the protective antigen differences between Asia-1 No. 2145/Tajikistan/2011 isolate and Asia-1 Shamir 3/89 FMD cultural virus vaccine strain.

Conventional and present-day principles of spectrophotometric and enzymatic determination of major biochemical values of animal blood serum (plasma) are described in the paper: total protein, albumin, urea, uric acid, creatinine, bilirubin (total and conjugated bilirubin), glucose, lactic acid, triglycerides, Cholesterine, phospholipids, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, ferrum, chlorides, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, a-amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, Cholinesterase, γ-glutamyltransferase and hemoglobin.

The paper describes the process of the validation of the technique aimed at the determination of FMD antibodies in liquid phase blocking sandwich ELISA for FMD types A, 0 and Asial. The results were analyzed and the following main validation characteristics were determined: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, consistency, predictability of positive and negative results, reproducibility and intermediate precision under the conditions of repeatability and reproducibility. The results of the ELISA procedure validation were in compliance with the acceptability criteria.

The paper sums up the results of 20-year-long FMD molecular and epizootological studies in Russia. Phylogenetic analyses of the Russian FMDV isolates are indicative of the fact that all FMD outbreaks in the Russian Federation in 1995-2014 were due to the virus introduction from other countries, mainly from China. It was demonstrated that in different years FMDV of different genetic lineages/ strains was introduced into Russia, i.e. 1995 - O/CATHAY, 2000 and 2004 - O/ME-SA/PanAsia, 2005-2006 - Asial, 2010-2011 - O/SEA/Mea-98,2012 - O/ME-SA/PanAsia, 2013 - A/ASIA/lran-05 and A/ASIA/Sea-97, 2014 - A/ASIA/Sea-97, O/ME-SA/PanAsia and O/SEA/Mea-98. The majority of the outbreaks reported in the Zabaikalsky Krai and Far East of the Russian Federation were associated with FMD panzootics having the same route of spread: from Southeast Asian countries to China and hereafter to Russia.

P30, pK205R and pB602L recombinant proteins of African swine fever (ASF) virus were generated by expression in £ coli. Indirect ELISA for detection of antibodies to ASF virus was developed on the base of the said recombinant proteins. Diagnostic specificity of pK205R-and pB602L-ELISA tests systems was 99,8%, рЗО-ELISA - 99,5%. Diagnostic sensitivity p30-ELISA/pK205R-ELISA and pB602L-ELISA was 100% and 94,12%, respectively, when the reference panel of positive sera was used. The sensitivity рЗО-ELIS A and pK205R-ELIS A used for testing sera from experimentally and naturally infected animals was found to be higher than that one of commercial test systems and comparable to the ELISA recommended by the World Animal Health Organization for ASF serological diagnosis. High рЗО-ELISA and pK205R-ELISA specificity and sensitivity were confirmed by results of international proficiency testings for ASF diagnosis.

Chicken infectious bronchitis is one of the most important diseases for commercial poultry production. It is regarded generally as a respiratory system disease; different strains of chicken infectious bronchitis virus can demonstrate variability of tissue tropism and affect reproductive organs as well as kidneys with severe effects. Some virus strains propagate in intestines but without pathological changes.

The paper is devoted to wide spread of avian influenza virus in the world and the disease prevention and control in Russia. It is necessary to monitor efficacy of inactivated vaccines against avian influenza caused by the currently circulating epizootic strains due to the virus evolution and variability. Reassortment of influenza A virus poses a serious threat to effectiveness of vaccination as an alternative to drastic measures. The message of the paper is to demonstrate how to better meet new challenges from the perspective of time.

Most of HPAI cases are associated with the periods of birds' migration to wintering and nesting areas. The last H5N1 cases in Russia were caused by virus introduction into backyards with hunting trophies (Primorsky Krai, 2008; Altay-sky Krai, 2014). The said cases prove the indisputable role of migrating wild birds in influenza virus circulation and spread maintenance. Today the only effective way to protect commercial poultry farms is a strict compliance with the biosecurity rules for closed poultry farms. Speaking about the threat ofavian influenza introduction the most vulnerable sectors are small farms and backyards where free ranged poultry is kept. The paper presents the analysis of H5 HPAI outbreak causes in the territory of the Altaysky Krai in 2014and eradication activities.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus are gram-negative halophilic bacteria found in marine and coastal waters all over the world which cause acute food-borne gastroenteritis in humans. Rarely V. parahaemolyticus cause wound infections, infections of ears or sepsis in individuals with a compromised immune system. More than 80 serotypes were described worldwide based on antigenic properties of the somatic (0) and capsular (K) antigens. V. parahaemolyticus are characterized by two factors of virulence: thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), a protein which facilitates the invasion of the human body by the bacterium, and aTDH-related hemolysin (trh) which plays the sameas TDH role in the disease pathogenesis. Most V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from the environment or sea products in comparison to clinical strains do not produce any thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) or TDH-related hemolysin (trh). The paper presents V. parahaemolyticus biological properties, pathogenesis peculiarities, their spread and detection techniques.

The opportunity of using Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium DMEM/F12 Ham for Marek's disease cultivation in chicken embryo fibroblasts was studied. It was determined that if appropriate virus cultivation parameters are chosen the abovementioned medium enables to prepare virus material with high agent infectivity.