SEROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIMOCROBIAL RESISTANCE OF SALMONELLA ISOLATES, RECOVERED FROM ANIMAL RAW MATERIAL

Salmonella continues to be the primary cause of foodborne intestinal infections in many countries around the world. According to the offi cial data, 47% of the infection outbreaks in the world are associated with salmonellosis, while chicken meat (34%) plays a signifi cant role in the infection transmission to humans through food. Since the early 90’s of the last century, with the massive use of antibiotics, Salmonella strains resistant to a number of antimicrobials began to appear and currently pose a serious public health problem. Resistant strains persistent in animals can be transmitted to humans through the food chain. The paper presents results of studies of morphological, biochemical, serological properties of Salmonella bacteria recovered from animal raw material: beef, pork, poultry meat, tallow, off al derived from broiler chickens and pig slaughter products. In 2018 the FGBI “ARRIAH” Microbiological Laboratory performed 1,204 tests of animal raw material for Salmonella bacteria and recovered 45 Salmonella isolates. Salmonella bacteria were isolated in accordance with GOST 31659-2012 (ISO 6579:2002). Most Salmonella isolates (56%) were recovered from poultry meat. Biological properties of all the studied isolates were quite typical: they formed hydrogen sulfi de, fermented glucose and mannitol with the formation of gas and acid, did not utilize sucrose, lactose and urea; reaction to indole was negative. It was established that the recovered Salmonella isolates belong to serogroups O₇, O₉, O₅, O₄. The frequency of recovering Salmonella group B was 8.9%, group C – 51.1%, group D – 40.0%. Among Salmonella group B, S. derby (4.4%) and S. typhimurium (2.2%) were more common; group C – S. infantis (29.0%), S. virchow (17.8%); group D – S. enteritidis (40.0%). Isolated cases of S. reading (2.2%) and S. oranienburg (4.4%) were observed. All Salmonella isolates recovered from raw material of animal origin demonstrated sensitivity to ciprofl oxacin, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, amikacin, azithromycin, meropenem, gentamicin, ceftriaxone, kanamycin; were less sensitive to cefotaxime, ampicillin, levofl oxacin and had low sensitivity to nalidixic acid, doxycycline, streptomycin, tetracycline. The phenomenon of multiresistance is characteristic of 44.4% of the isolated Salmonella isolates.

1. Bogutsky M. I. Salmonella infection [Sal’monelleznaya infekciya]. Journal of State Medical University. 2011; 1 (33): 7–11 (in Russian).

2. Salmonella incidence of in farm animals in the Irkutsk region [Zabolevaemost’ sal’monellezom sel’skohozyajstvennyh zhivotnyh na territorii Irkutskoj oblasti]. A. M. Ablov, E. V. Anganova, A. S. Batomunkuev, I. G. Trofi mov. Fundamental Research. 2015; 2–11: 2381–2384 (in Russian).

3. The study of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolated from animals and from food products of animal origin in the territory of the Russian Federation [Izuchenie antibiotikorezistentnosti sal’monell, vydelennyh ot zhivotnyh i iz pishchevyh produktov zhivotnogo proiskhozhdeniya na territorii Rossijskoj Federacii]. O. N. Vitkova, V. I. Belousov, O. E. Ivanova, S. B. Bazarbaev. Veterinaria Kubani. 2015; 2: 11–15 (in Russian).

4. Infectious pathology of animals [Infekcionnaya patologiya zhivotnyh]. Vol. 3. ed. A. Ya. Samuilenko. M.: RAAS, 2009 (in Russian).

5. Knysh E. A., Matlakhov A. A., Shmat E. V. Veterinary and sanitary measures in salmonellosis control in poultry establishments [Veterinarnosanitarnye meropriyatiya pri bor’be s sal’monellezom na pticevodcheskih predpriyatiyah]. Scientifi c community of students. Interdisciplinary research: Electronic collection of papers based on materials of X International Stud. scientifi c-practical conf. Novosibirsk: ANS “SibAK”. 2016; 7 (10). URL: https://sibac.info/archive/meghdis/7(10).pdf (accessed October 6, 19). (in Russian).

6. Korotyaev A. I., Babichev S. A. Medical microbiology, immunology and virology [Medicinskaya mikrobiologiya, immunologiya i virusologiya]: a textbook for medical universities. SPb.: SpetsLit, 2010. 5th ed., rev. and add. (in Russian).

7. Kostenko Yu. G., Hramov M. V., Davleev A. D. A real look at the use of animal slaughter products in detection of Salmonella [Real’nyj vzglyad na ispol’zovanie produktov uboya zhivotnyh pri obnaruzhenii sal’monell]. Vse o myase. 2015; 4: 7–9 (in Russian).

8. Microbiological control of semi-fi nished products from turkey meat during refrigerated storage [Mikrobiologicheskij kontrol’ polufabrikatov iz myasa indeek pri holodil’nom hranenii]. A. M. Abdullaeva, I. R. Smirnova, E. V. Trohimets [et al.]. Veterinariya. 2017; 8:49–53 (in Russian).

9. Methodical Guidelines 4.2.1890-04. Determination of the microorganism sensitivity to antimicrobils. 4.3. Disc diff usion method (DDM) [MUK 4.2.1890-04. Opredelenie chuvstvitel’nosti mikroorganizmov k antibakterial’nym preparatam. 4.3. Disko-diff uzionnyj metod (DDM)]. Rospotrebnadzor, 2004: 18–24 (in Russian).

10. Prevention of salmonella contamination by poultry products – a global problem [Predotvrashchenie kontaminacii sal’monellami produkcii pticevodstva – global’naya problema]. A. N. Panin, A. V. Kulikovsky, A. D. Davleev, P. P. Sorokin. Poultry and Poultry Products. 2010; 5: 62–65 (in Russian).

11. The problem of salmonellosis in the production of meat products and ways to solve it [Problema sal’monelleza pri proizvodstve myasnoj produkcii i puti ee resheniya]. Yu. G. Kostenko, D. S. Bataev, M. A. Krasnov, M. V. Khramov. Vse o myase. 2010; 5: 50–51 (in Russian).

12. Prokkoeva J. A. Features of bacteriological studies of chickens experimentally infected with Salmonella enteritidis, when using a probiotic biocomplex [Osobennosti bakteriologicheskih issledovanij cyplyat, eksperimental’no inficirovannyh Salmonella enteritidis, na fone primeneniya probioticheskogo biokompleksa]. BIO. 2018; 11 (218): 9–11 (in Russian).

13. Salmonella: molecular mechanisms of fi tness and virulence factors [Sal’monelly: molekulyarnye mekhanizmy prisposoblennosti i faktory virulentnosti]. D. G. Akhmetova, J. A. Berdygulova, E. B. Evtikhova, A. V. Shustov. Biotekhnologiya. Teoriya i praktika. 2012; 1: 3–24 (in Russian).

14. SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01. Hygienic requirements for safety and nutritional value of food products [SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01. Gigienicheskie trebovaniya bezopasnosti i pishchevoj cennosti pishchevyh produktov]: approved by the chief medical offi cer of the Russian Federation 06.11.2001. M., 2002 (in Russian).

15. Modern approaches to salmonellosis monitoring [Sovremennye podhody k monitoringu za sal’monellezami]. S. Sh. Rozhnova, O. A. Khristyukhina, N. K. Akulova [et al.]. Epidemiologia i vakcinoprofi laktika. 2013; 2 (69): 12–18 (in Russian).

16. CU TR 021/2011. On food safety [TR TS 021/2011. O bezopasnosti pishchevoj produkcii]: approved by the decision of the CU Commission, 09.12.2011 No. 880 (in Russian).

17. Khurai R. I, Marchenko T. V., Glotova E. V. Salmonellosis [Sal’monellez]. Veterinaria Kubani. 2012; 3: 23–24 (in Russian).

18. Chugunova E. O., Tatarnikova N. A. Salmonellosis in farm animals and birds: characteristics of the pathogen, prevalence in the Perm Oblast and epidemiological signifi cance [Sal’monellez sel’skohozyajstvennyh zhivotnyh i ptic: harakteristika vozbuditelya, rasprostranennost’ v Permskom krae i epidemiologicheskoe znachenie]: Training Manual. Perm: Prokrost, 2014 (in Russian).