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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2025-14-4-353-361</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-957</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ | БОЛЕЗНИ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES | BOVINE DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммунологический контроль эффективности аэрозольной фитотерапии острой катаральной бронхопневмонии у телят</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunological control of aerosol phytotherapy of acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia for its effectiveness in calves</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6936-2163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликов Евгений Владимирович, канд. биол. наук, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института,</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, г. Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny V. Kulikov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute,</p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulikov-ev@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8728-2594</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>Natalia Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Родионова Наталья Юрьевна, ассистент департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института, </p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, г. Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia Yu. Rodionova, Assistant, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute,</p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sapego-nyu@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0418-9918</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденко</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenko</surname><given-names>Pavel A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руденко Павел Анатольевич, д-р вет. наук, профессор департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института,</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, г. Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Rudenko, Dr. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Professor, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute,</p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavelrudenko76@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-1573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сотникова</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sotnikova</surname><given-names>Elena D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сотникова Елена Дмитриевна, канд. биол. наук, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института, </p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, г. Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena D. Sotnikova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute,</p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sotnikova-ed@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-3849</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прозоровский</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prozorovsky</surname><given-names>Ivan E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прозоровский Иван Ежиевич, ассистент департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института, </p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, г. Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan E. Prozorovsky, Assistant, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute,</p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prozorovskiy-ie@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-2602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шепелева</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shepeleva</surname><given-names>Kristina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шепелева Кристина Викторовна, ассистент департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института, </p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, г. Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristina V. Shepeleva, Assistant, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute,</p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shepeleva-kv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-3402</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ватников</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vatnikov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ватников Юрий Анатольевич, д-р вет. наук, профессор, директор департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института, </p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, г. Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury A. Vatnikov, Dr. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Professor, Director of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute,</p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vatnikov-yua@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3145-6783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>Oleg O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новиков Олег Олегович, профессор, д-р фарм. наук, профессор департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института, </p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, г. Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg O. Novikov, Professor, Dr. Sci. (Pharmacy), Professor of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute, </p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novikov_oo@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>353</fpage><lpage>361</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куликов Е.В., Родионова Н.Ю., Руденко П.А., Сотникова Е.Д., Прозоровский И.Е., Шепелева К.В., Ватников Ю.А., Новиков О.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куликов Е.В., Родионова Н.Ю., Руденко П.А., Сотникова Е.Д., Прозоровский И.Е., Шепелева К.В., Ватников Ю.А., Новиков О.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kulikov E.V., Rodionova N.Y., Rudenko P.A., Sotnikova E.D., Prozorovsky I.E., Shepeleva K.V., Vatnikov Y.A., Novikov O.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/957">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/957</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Респираторные заболевания широко распространены в животноводческих хозяйствах, особенно среди высокопродуктивных животных, при этом достаточно тяжело они протекают у молодняка. Возникновение неспецифической бронхопневмонии у телят связано с комплексом причин, включающим прежде всего условно-п атогенную микробиоту дыхательных путей, которая при неблагоприятных условиях может стать патогенной, а также скученность содержания, несбалансированное кормление, стресс, сквозняки, шум, влияние негативных факторов окружающей среды, а также снижение резистентности и иммунной реактивности новорожденных животных.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Проведение иммунологического контроля эффективности аэрозольной фитотерапии острой катаральной бронхопневмонии телят.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование провели на 1–3-месячных телятах, больных острой катаральной бронхопневмонией (n = 60). Было сформировано три опытные группы по 20 особей в каждой. У больных животных до начала терапии, а также на 7-е и 12-е сут после лечения отбирали кровь для проведения иммунологических исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что аэрозольное применение фитопрепарата «Экстракт зверобоя продырявленного» в комплексном лечении телят с острой катаральной бронхопневмонией продемонстрировало более высокую эффективность по сравнению с остальными двумя схемами. В опытной группе, где использовали фитотерапию, общее клиническое улучшение наблюдали уже на (4,90 ± 0,64) сут, что на 47,0% быстрее, чем в группе, где лечение животных проводили по общепринятой в хозяйстве схеме. При этом у телят указанной группы аппетит восстанавливался быстрее, они лучше поедали корм, шерсть становилась гладкой и блестящей, показатели клеточного и гуморального иммунитета на 12-е сут, а уровень провоспалительных цитокинов уже на 7-е сут приближались к референсным показателям клинически здоровых животных.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Все три терапевтические схемы при борьбе с острой катаральной бронхопневмонией показали относительную эффективность, однако аэрозольное применение фитопрепарата «Экстракт зверобоя продырявленного» в комплексном лечении больных телят продемонстрировало наилучшие результаты, о чем свидетельствуют значительные позитивные сдвиги в клеточном и гуморальном звене иммунитета, а также снижение уровня провоспалительных цитокинов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Respiratory diseases are widespread on livestock farms, especially in high-yielding animals, and they are particularly severe in young animals. Non-specific bronchopneumonia in calves is caused by a combination of factors including opportunistic respiratory microbiota, which can become pathogenic under unfavorable conditions, overcrowding, nutritional imbalances, stress, drafts, noise, other environmental stressors as well as compromised immunity  in newborn animals.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Immunological control of aerosol phytotherapy of acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia for its effectiveness in calves.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. One – three month-old calves with acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia (n = 60) were used for the study. The calves were divided into three test groups, 20 calves per group. Blood samples were collected from the diseased animals before the start of treatment, as well as on day 7 and 12 after treatment and used for immunological tests.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Aerosol administration of Hypericum perforatum extract, herbal product, in the complex treatment of calves with acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia demonstrated high efficacy compared to two other treatment regimens. In the test group receiving phytotherapy overall clinical improvement was observed as early as on (4.90 ± 0.64) day, which was 47.0% faster than in the group where animals were treated according to the treatment regime routinely used on the farm. Furthermore, the calves in this group demonstrated a faster recovery of appetite, consumed feed more readily, their coats became smooth and shiny, and their cellular and humoral immunity levels, as well as their pro-inflammatory cytokine levels reached the reference levels of clinically healthy animals by day 12 and day 7, respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. While all three regimens for acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia were effective, the aerosolized Hypericum perforatum extract produced the best results. Calves receiving this treatment showed the most significant improvements in cellular and humoral immunity, along with the reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхопневмония</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd><kwd>аэрозольная обработка</kwd><kwd>фитопрепараты</kwd><kwd>зверобой продырявленный</kwd><kwd>телята</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchopneumonia</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>aerosol treatment</kwd><kwd>herbal products</kwd><kwd>Hypericum perforatum</kwd><kwd>calves</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-26-00091 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-00091).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work has been supported by the grants the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 24-26-00091, https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-00091).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sustronck B., Deprez P., Van Loon G., Coghe J., Muylle E. 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