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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2025-14-3-310-318</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-942</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ | ВЕТЕРИНАРНАЯ МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES | VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антибиотикорезистентность бактерий рода Salmonella, выявленных в продукции животного происхождения в 2022–2024 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. detected in animal products in 2022–2024</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акулич</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akulich</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акулич Ольга Андреевна - аспирант ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ».</p><p>ул. Гвардейская, 6, мкр. Юрьевец, Владимир, 600901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga А. Akulich - Postgraduate Student, Federal Centre for Animal Health.</p><p>6 Gvardeyskaya str., Yur’evets, Vladimir 600901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akulich.olgand@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7510-1269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шадрова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shadrova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шадрова Наталья Борисовна - канд. биол. наук, заведующий отделом микробиологических исследований ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ».</p><p>ул. Гвардейская, 6, мкр. Юрьевец, Владимир, 600901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya B. Shadrova - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Head of Department for Microbiological Testing, Federal Centre for Animal Health.</p><p>6 Gvardeyskaya str., Yur’evets, Vladimir 600901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shadrova@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0714-3912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисова</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisova</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денисова Галина Сергеевна - канд. биол. наук, руководитель Владимирской испытательной лаборатории ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ».</p><p>ул. Гвардейская, 6, мкр. Юрьевец, Владимир, 600901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina S. Denisova - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Head of the Vladimir Testing Centre, Federal Centre for Animal Health.</p><p>6 Gvardeyskaya str., Yur’evets, Vladimir 600901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skitovich@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный центр охраны здоровья животных» (ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Centre for Animal Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>310</fpage><lpage>318</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акулич О.А., Шадрова Н.Б., Денисова Г.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акулич О.А., Шадрова Н.Б., Денисова Г.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akulich O.A., Shadrova N.B., Denisova G.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/942">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/942</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Несмотря на тот факт, что антибиотики – величайшее открытие человечества, они могут нанести огромный ущерб и привести к серьезным последствиям при нецелесообразном использовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Исследование образцов животноводческой продукции с последующим выделением изолятов бактерий рода Salmonella, их типированием, определением и оценкой динамики развития антибиотикорезистентности.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Работу выполняли на базе отдела микробиологических исследований Владимирской испытательной лаборатории ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ». Для определения устойчивости бактерий к антибиотикам применяли диско-диффузионный метод. Значения зон задержки роста микроорганизмов интерпретировались согласно российским рекомендациям «Определение чувствительности микроорганизмов к антимикробным препаратам» (МАКМАХ, версия 2025-01), подготовленным на основе рекомендаций Европейского комитета по определению чувствительности к антимикробным препаратам (EUCAST) и с использованием стандарта CLSI M100. Серологическую идентификацию проводили с помощью моно- и поливалентных О- и Н-сывороток «ПЕТСАЛ»® (ФГУП СПбНИИВС ФМБА России). Гены антибиотикорезистентности (blaCTX-M, blaOXA10, blaDHA, blaGES, blaKPC, blaOXA48-like, blaNDM, blaVIM) определяли методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени с применением тест-систем серии «РЕЗИСТОМ» (ООО НПФ «Литех», Россия).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При исследовании образцов продукции животного происхождения в 2022–2024 гг. выявлено 42 изолята бактерий рода Salmonella. Наиболее часто детектируемый изолят – S. Enteritidis, а превалирующий продукт, в котором обнаруживали бактерии рода Salmonella, – продукция из мяса птицы. Выявленные изоляты имели максимальную резистентность к бензилпенициллину, эритромицину, норфлоксацину и тетрациклину. Большинство из них проявили множественную устойчивость сразу к нескольким антимикробным препаратам. Отмечен рост резистентности к цефалоспоринам, фторхинолонам, тетрациклинам, аминогликозидам, хлорамфениколу/левомицетину и сульфаметоксазолу/триметоприму. При исследовании методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени гены антибиотикорезистентности не обнаружены.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Показано значительное распространение устойчивости к антимикробным препаратам, в том числе множественной, среди изолятов бактерий рода Salmonella, выявленных в продукции животного происхождения в 2022–2024 гг.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Although antibiotics represent one of humanity’s greatest discoveries, their improper use can cause significant harm and lead to severe consequences. Objective. Testing of animal product samples followed by Salmonella spp. isolation, typing, identification and assessment of their antimicrobial resistance dynamics.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was carried out at the Department for Microbiological Testing of the Vladimir Testing Laboratory of the Federal Centre for Animal Health. The disc diffusion test was used to determine bacteria resistance to antibiotics. The sizes of the microorganism growth inhibition zones were interpreted according to the Russian recommendations “Determination of the sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs” (IACMAC, version 2025-01), prepared on the basis of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) recommendations and using CLSI M100 standard. PETSAL® monovalent and polyvalent O- and H-sera (The Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Institute ofVaccines and Serums of the FMBA of Russia) were used for serological identification. Antimicrobial resistance genes (blaCTX-M, blaOXA10, blaDHA, blaDES, blaKPC, blaOXA48-like, blaNDM, blaVIM) were identified by real-time polymerase chain reaction using the RESISTOM test systems (“LITECH”Co. Ltd., Russia).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Forty-two Salmonella spp. isolates were recovered from animal product samples in 2022–2024. S. Enteritidis was the most frequently isolated serovar, and Salmonella spp. were predominantly isolated from poultry meat products. The detected isolates demonstrated maximum resistance to benzylpenicillin, erythromycin, norfloxacin, and tetracycline. Most of the isolates showed multiple resistance to several antimicrobials. Increased resistance to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol/levomycetin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim was demonstrated for Salmonella spp. isolates. No antimicrobial resistance genes were detected when the isolates were tested with real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study demonstrated widespread antimicrobial resistance, including multiple resistance, among Salmonella spp. isolates detected in animal products in 2022–2024.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактерии рода Salmonella</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>гены антибиотикорезистентности</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>чувствительность к антимикробным препаратам</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция в режиме реального времени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Salmonella spp.</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial resistance</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial resistance genes</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial susceptibility</kwd><kwd>real-time polymerase chain reaction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ» в рамках тематики научно-исследовательских работ «Ветеринарное благополучие».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was funded by the Federal Centre for Animal Health within the research topic “Veterinary Welfare”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List, 2024: bacterial pathogens of public health importance to guide research, development and strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance. 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