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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2025-14-3-263-273</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-938</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ | ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS | GENERAL ISSUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль пуринергической сигнализации и цитокиновой сети в воспалительном процессе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of purinergic signaling and cytokine network in the inflammatory process</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6970-395X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мосягин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mosyagin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мосягин Владимир Владимирович - д-р биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологий ФГБНУ «Курский ФАНЦ».</p><p>ул. Карла Маркса, 70б, Курск, 305021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Mosyagin - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center.</p><p>70b Karl Marx str., Kursk 305021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ugnoe_nebo@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2605-5283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исакова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isakova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исакова Елизавета Андреевна - аспирант, инженер-исследователь лаборатории ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологий ФГБНУ «Курский ФАНЦ»; преподаватель Курского ГАУ.</p><p>ул. Карла Маркса, 70б, Курск, 305021; ул. Карла Маркса, 70, Курск, 305021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta A. Isakova - Postgraduate Student, Research Engineer, Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center; Lecturer, Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov.</p><p>70b Karl Marx str., Kursk 305021; 70 Karl Marx str., Kursk 305021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fominaelizaveta.fomina2016@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3087-5525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжкова</surname><given-names>Г. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhkova</surname><given-names>G. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыжкова Галина Федоровна - д-р биол. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой физиологии и химии имени профессора А.А. Сысоева, Курский ГАУ.</p><p>ул. Карла Маркса, 70, Курск, 305021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina F. Ryzhkova - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Head of Department of Physiology and Chemistry named after Professor A.A. Sysoev, Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov.</p><p>70 Karl Marx str., Kursk 305021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rigkova_galina49@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5925-0767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мосягина</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mosyagina</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мосягина Ирина Павловна - аспирант, преподаватель Курского ГАУ.</p><p>ул. Карла Маркса, 70, Курск, 305021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina P. Mosyagina - Postgraduate Student, Lecturer, Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov.</p><p>70 Karl Marx str., Kursk 305021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ip_mosyagina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Курский федеральный аграрный научный центр» (ФГБНУ «Курский ФАНЦ»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Курский федеральный аграрный научный центр» (ФГБНУ «Курский ФАНЦ»); ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный аграрный университет имени И. И. Иванова» (Курский ГАУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center; Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный аграрный университет имени И. И. Иванова» (Курский ГАУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>263</fpage><lpage>273</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мосягин В.В., Исакова Е.А., Рыжкова Г.Ф., Мосягина И.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мосягин В.В., Исакова Е.А., Рыжкова Г.Ф., Мосягина И.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mosyagin V.V., Isakova E.A., Ryzhkova G.F., Mosyagina I.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/938">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/938</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Воспаление представляет собой сложный биологический процесс, направленный на защиту организма от патогенов и восстановление поврежденных тканей. Этот процесс регулируется множеством сигнальных молекул, среди которых важное значение имеют пурины и цитокины. Пуринергическая сигнализация, опосредованная аденозинтрифосфатом, аденозинмонофосфатом и другими нуклеотидами, играет ключевую роль в регуляции иммунных реакций и воспалительных процессов. Цитокиновая сеть, включающая интерлейкины, фактор некроза опухоли α и другие молекулы, также является важным компонентом воспаления, обеспечивая коммуникацию между клетками иммунной системы и регулируя их активность. Понимание механизмов взаимодействия между пуринергической сигнализацией и цитокиновой сетью имеет важное значение для разработки новых стратегий лечения воспалительных заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Обобщение результатов исследований по значению роли пуринергической сигнализации и цитокиновой сети в воспалительном процессе у животных.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ 55 научных публикаций российских и иностранных авторов за период с 2000 по 2021 г., исследующих влияние нуклеотидов, нуклеозидов и пуринергических рецепторов на формирование иммунного ответа, а также механизмы активации макрофагов и выделения цитокинов. Для поиска источников использовались базы данных eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka, PubMed, NCBI, ResearchGate, CABI и Google Scholar.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Рассмотрены механизмы воспалительного ответа, включая роль различных клеток и молекул, таких как цитокины и рецепторы, в регуляции иммунной реакции. Последние имеют важное значение в активации клеток иммунной системы и регуляции воспалительных реакций. Обсуждается процесс дефосфорилирования аденозинтрифосфата с участием ферментов CD39 и CD73, что способствует образованию аденозина и активации противовоспалительных механизмов. Проанализированы функции провоспалительных цитокинов, таких как интерлейкин-1, фактор некроза опухоли α и интерлейкин-6, в контексте активации макрофагов и миграции нейтрофилов к месту воспаления. Подчеркивается важность регуляции этих процессов для предотвращения чрезмерного воспалительного ответа и обеспечения гомеостаза. Рассмотрены механизмы перехода между фазами воспаления, включающие роль противовоспалительных цитокинов, таких как интерлейкин-10 и трансформирующий фактор роста β, в контроле активности нейтрофилов и разрешении воспалительного процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Дальнейшее изучение данной темы способно углубить современные знания ученых о механизмах возникновения воспаления и создать основу для разработки инновационных терапевтических стратегий, направленных на лечение болезней, обусловленных нарушениями иммунной системы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Inflammation is a complex biological process essential for host defense against pathogens and tissue repair. This process is regulated by a variety of signaling molecules, among which purines and cytokines play an important role. Purinergic signaling mediated by adenosine triphosphate, adenosine monophosphate, and other nucleotides plays a key role in regulating immune responses and inflammatory processes. The cytokine network, including interleukins, tumor necrosis factor α and other molecules, is also an important component of inflammation, providing communication between cells of the immune system and regulating their activity. Understanding the purinergic signaling and the cytokine network interaction mechanisms is crucial for developing innovative treatments for inflammatory diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To synthesize current research findings on the role of purinergic signaling and the cytokine network in inflammatory processes within animal models.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 55 scientific publications by Russian and international authors (2000–2021) investigating the effects of nucleotides, nucleosides, and purinergic receptors on immune response development, macrophage activation, and cytokine release mechanisms were analyzed. Source databases included eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka, PubMed, NCBI, ResearchGate, CABI, and Google Scholar.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis explored mechanisms of the inflammatory response, including the role of various cells and molecules – cytokines and receptors – in the regulation of the immune response. The latter plays an important role in activating immune system cells and regulating inflammatory reactions. The process of adenosine triphosphate dephosphorylation by CD39 and CD73 enzymes, which promotes the production of adenosine and the activation of anti-inflammatory mechanisms, is discussed.The functions of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 are analyzed in the context of macrophage activation and neutrophil migration to the site of inflammation. The importance of regulating these processes is emphasized in order to prevent excessive inflammatory response and ensure homeostasis. The mechanisms of transition between the phases of inflammation are examined, including the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor β in controlling neutrophil activity and resolving the inflammatory process.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Further study of this topic can deepen the modern knowledge of scientists about the mechanisms of inflammation and create the basis for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at treating diseases caused by disorders of the immune system.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>нуклеотиды</kwd><kwd>рецепторы</kwd><kwd>пуринергическая регуляция</kwd><kwd>CD39</kwd><kwd>CD73</kwd><kwd>АТФ</kwd><kwd>АДФ</kwd><kwd>АМФ</kwd><kwd>аденозин</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>интерлейкины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>nucleotides</kwd><kwd>receptors</kwd><kwd>purinergic regulation</kwd><kwd>CD39</kwd><kwd>CD73</kwd><kwd>ATP</kwd><kwd>ADP</kwd><kwd>AMP</kwd><kwd>adenosine</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>interleukins</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки России в рамках государственного задания ФГБНУ «Курский ФАНЦ» (тема FGZU-2022-0004). Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the framework of the state assignment of the Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center (topic FGZU-2022-0004). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of the work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Головкин А. С., Асадуллина И. А., Кудрявцев И. В. Пуринергическая регуляция основных физиологических и патологических процессов. Медицинская иммунология. 2018; 20 (4): 463–476. https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2018-4-463-476</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golovkin A. S., Asadullina I. A., Kudryavtsev I. V. 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