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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2025-14-2-171-178</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-915</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ | БОЛЕЗНИ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES | BOVINE DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка и апробация набора хромогенных сред для экспресс-диагностики мастита крупного рогатого скота</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development and testing of a set of chromogenic media for rapid diagnosis of bovine mastitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0136-2487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капустин Андрей Владимирович, д-р биол. наук, доцент, первый заместитель директора,</p><p>Рязанский проспект, 24/1, г. Москва, 109428.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Kapustin, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, First Deputy Director,</p><p>24/1, Ryazansky prospekt, Moscow 109428.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kapustin_andrei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5050-2274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаишевцев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laishevtsev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаишевцев Алексей Иванович, канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, и. о. заведующего лабораторией диагностики и контроля антибиотикорезистентности возбудителей наиболее клинически значимых инфекционных болезней животных, </p><p>Рязанский проспект, 24/1, г. Москва, 109428.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey I. Laishevtsev, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Acting Head, Laboratory for Diagnostics and Control of Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens of the Most Clinically Significant Infectious Animal Diseases, </p><p>24/1, Ryazansky prospekt, Moscow 109428.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.laishevtsev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1891-0005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савинов.</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savinov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савинов Василий Александрович, канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории микологии и антибиотиков им. А. Х. Саркисова, </p><p>Рязанский проспект, 24/1, г. Москва, 109428.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy A. Savinov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Laboratories of Mycology and Antibiotics named after A. H. Sarkisov, </p><p>24/1, Ryazansky prospekt, Moscow 109428.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">visik06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7360-927X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шастин.</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shastin</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шастин Павел Николаевич, канд. вет. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории диагностики и контроля антибиотикорезистентности возбудителей наиболее клинически значимых инфекционных болезней животных,</p><p>Рязанский проспект, 24/1, г. Москва, 109428.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel N. Shastin, Cand. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Senior Researcher, Laboratory for Diagnostics and Control of Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens of the Most Clinically Significant Infectious Animal Diseases, </p><p>24/1, Ryazansky prospekt, Moscow 109428.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shastin.pasha@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-6925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гильманов</surname><given-names>Х. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gilmanov</surname><given-names>Kh. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гильманов Хамид Халимович, канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории лейкозологии,</p><p>Рязанский проспект, 24/1, г. Москва, 109428.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khamid Kh. Gilmanov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Leukemia, </p><p>24/1, Ryazansky prospekt, Moscow 109428.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gilmanov.xx@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-1882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабарова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khabarova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хабарова Алла Викторовна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории диагностики и контроля антибиотикорезистентности возбудителей наиболее клинически значимых инфекционных болезней животных,</p><p>Рязанский проспект, 24/1, г. Москва, 109428.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla V. Khabarova, Junior Researcher, Laboratory for Diagnostics and Control of Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens of the Most Clinically Significant Infectious Animal Diseases, </p><p>24/1, Ryazansky prospekt, Moscow 109428.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">xabarova.alla97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр – Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной ветеринарии имени К. И. Скрябина и Я. Р. Коваленко Российской академии наук» (ФГБНУ ФНЦ ВИЭВ РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Centre VIEV</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>171</fpage><lpage>178</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Капустин А.В., Лаишевцев А.И., Савинов. В.А., Шастин. П.Н., Гильманов Х.Х., Хабарова А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Капустин А.В., Лаишевцев А.И., Савинов. В.А., Шастин. П.Н., Гильманов Х.Х., Хабарова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kapustin A.V., Laishevtsev A.I., Savinov V.A., Shastin P.N., Gilmanov K.K., Khabarova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/915">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/915</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Мастит крупного рогатого скота является одним из наиболее распространенных и экономически значимых заболеваний в молочном животноводстве. Для его диагностики предложены три хромогенные среды, каждая из которых предназначена для выделения и дифференциации определенных групп возбудителей мастита: среда I – для бактерий семейства Enterobacteriaceae, среда II – для микроорганизмов рода Staphylococcus, среда III – для бактерий рода Streptococcus.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценка чувствительности, специфичности, дифференцирующих и ингибирующих свойств хромогенных сред, а также их апробация на образцах молока от коров с маститом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для оценки чувствительности использовали контрольные штаммы Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus и Escherichia coli в различных концентрациях (1 × 100, 1 × 101, 1 × 102 КОЕ/мл). Рост микроорганизмов оценивали через 24 ч инкубации при 37 °C. Специфичность и дифференцирующие свойства изучали на 22 штаммах микроорганизмов, сравнивая их рост и цвет колоний на хромогенных и контрольной средах. Ингибирующие свойства оценивали по наличию или отсутствию роста культур. Апробацию сред проводили с использованием образцов молока от коров с маститом, используя стандартизированные методы посева и культивирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Хромогенные среды показали сопоставимую с контрольной средой (колумбийский агар с добавлением 5% дефибринированной крови барана) чувствительность (p &gt; 0,05). Среда I обеспечила дифференциацию микроорганизмов по цвету колоний, но имела низкие ингибирующие свойства. Среда II избирательно выделяла стафилококки, подавляя рост других бактерий. Среда III поддерживала рост энтерококков и стрептококков, в том числе Streptococcus agalactiae. Апробация на образцах молока подтвердила возможность дифференциации культур до вида.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработанные хромогенные среды обеспечивают высокую точность диагностики мастита, сочетая чувствительность, специфичность и дифференцирующие свойства. Их комплексное использование позволяет охватить широкий спектр микроорганизмов и избирательно выделить целевые группы бактерий. Дальнейшая работа будет направлена на улучшение сред для подавления роста грибов и повышения точности диагностики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Bovine mastitis remains one of the most prevalent and economically significant diseases in dairy cattle production. Three chromogenic media have been proposed for the diagnosis, each specifically designed for isolation and differentiation of certain mastitis pathogen groups: Medium I is intended for Enterobacteriaceae family bacteria, Medium II – for Staphylococcus genus microorganisms, Medium III – for Streptococcus genus bacteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The objective is to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, differentiation capacities and inhibitory properties of these chromogenic media, and to test the media using milk samples from mastitic cows.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. For sensitivity testing, the control strains (Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) at concentrations of 1×100, 1×101, and 1×102 CFU/mL were used. Microbial growth was assessed following 24-hour incubation at 37 °C. Specificity and differentiation capacities were studied using 22 microbial strains, their growth patterns and colony coloration in chromogenic and control media were compared. Inhibitory properties were determined based on presence/absence of culture growth. The media were evaluated using milk samples from mastitic cows and standardized culturing methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The chromogenic media demonstrated sensitivity comparable to the control media (Columbia agar supplemented with 5% defibrinated sheep blood), p &gt; 0.05. Medium I enabled reliable color-based differentiation but showed limited inhibitory effects. Medium II ensured selective isolation of staphylococci while effectively suppressing growth of other bacteria. Medium III supported growth of both enterococci and streptococci, including Streptococcus agalactiae. The tests conducted in milk samples confirmed genus level differentiation capability.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The developed chromogenic media ensure high-accuracy mastitis diagnosis due to their sensitivity, specificity and differentiation properties. Their implementation makes it possible to cover  an extensive range of microorganisms and to selectively isolate the targeted bacterial groups. Further work will be aimed at improving the media for fungal growth suppression and increasing the diagnostic accuracy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мастит</kwd><kwd>экспресс-диагностика</kwd><kwd>крупный рогатый скот</kwd><kwd>молоко</kwd><kwd>хромогенные среды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mastitis</kwd><kwd>rapid diagnosis</kwd><kwd>cattle</kwd><kwd>milk</kwd><kwd>chromogenic media</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации, проект FGUG-2025-0003.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted as part of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, project FGUG-2025-0003.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зюбин И. 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