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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2024-13-4-373-381</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-872</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ | ВЕТЕРИНАРНАЯ МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES | VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метагеномный анализ биоразнообразия микробиома кишечника птицы до и после медикаментозной нагрузки антибиотиком</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota diversity in poultry before and after antibiotic administration</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8924-2273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прасолова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prasolova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прасолова Ольга Владимировна, канд. вет. наук, ведущий научный  сотрудник  отдела  молекулярной  биологии </p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, г. Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Prasolova, Cand. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Leading Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoye shosse, Moscow 123022, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.prasolova@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4695-1077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малик</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malik</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малик Нина Ивановна, д-р биол. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела научного планирования и НИР</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, г. Москва, 123022</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina I. Malik, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Chief Researcher, Department of Scientific Planning</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoye shosse, Moscow 123022, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nimalik@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0275-0465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeeva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофеева Ирина Александровна, научный сотрудник отдела молекулярной биологии</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, г. Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Timofeeva, Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoye shosse, Moscow 123022, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.timofeeva@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-3058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирсанова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirsanova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирсанова Наталья Александровна, научный сотрудник отдела молекулярной биологии</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, г. Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Kirsanova, Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoye shosse, Moscow 123022, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.kirsanova@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0080-0158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крылова Екатерина Викторовна, канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный  сотрудник  отдела  молекулярной  биологии</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, г. Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Krylova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoye shosse, Moscow 123022, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.krylova@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7836-3010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малик</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malik</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малик Евгений Васильевич, канд. вет. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела научного планирования и НИР</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, г. Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny V. Malik, Cand. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Leading Researcher, Department of Scientifi Planning</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoye shosse, Moscow 123022, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evmalik@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3388-2990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русанов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusanov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русанов Иван Анатольевич, старший научный сотрудник научно-технологической  лаборатории</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, г. Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Rusanov, Senior Researcher, Scientific and Technological Laboratory</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoye shosse, Moscow 123022, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusanov@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8358-0618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чупахина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chupakhina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чупахина Наталия Александровна, канд. биол. наук, ведущий  научный  сотрудник  отдела  бактериологии</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, г. Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya A. Chupakhina, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Department of Bacteriology</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoye shosse, Moscow 123022, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.chupahina@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Всероссийский государственный Центр качества и стандартизации лекарственных средств для животных и кормов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The All-Russian State Center for Quality and Standardization of Veterinary Drugs and Feed</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>373</fpage><lpage>381</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прасолова О.В., Малик Н.И., Тимофеева И.А., Кирсанова Н.А., Крылова Е.В., Малик Е.В., Русанов И.А., Чупахина Н.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прасолова О.В., Малик Н.И., Тимофеева И.А., Кирсанова Н.А., Крылова Е.В., Малик Е.В., Русанов И.А., Чупахина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prasolova O.V., Malik N.I., Timofeeva I.A., Kirsanova N.A., Krylova E.V., Malik E.V., Rusanov I.A., Chupakhina N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/872">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/872</self-uri><abstract><p>Биологическое разнообразие кишечной микробиоты представляет собой важный экологический ресурс, который играет ключевую роль в поддержании гомеостаза организма хозяина. Исключительно важное значение имеет сохранение существующего биоразнообразия кишечной микробиоты, которое обеспечивает ее устойчивость к негативному действию абиотических факторов, а исследование роли антибиотиков в нарушении биоразнообразия микробиомов является фундаментальной основой не только для выявления аспектов возникновения микробиом-ассоциированных болезней птицы, но и освоения методов управления микробиомами. В данном исследовании представлена характеристика биоразнообразия микробиома кишечника птицы дои после медикаментозной нагрузки антибиотиком на основе биоинформатического анализа секвенирования гена 16S рРНК. Наибольшее количество прочтений в микробиоме цыплят в период выпаивания антибиотика и после его отмены составляли типы Firmicutes и Bacteroidota. Значительное увеличение Patescibacteria было отмечено на 11-й день отмены энрофлоксацина. Появление Actinobacteriota наблюдали на 11-й день после отмены выпаивания антибиотика. Увеличение Cyanobacteria выявлено на 4-й день после отмены препарата. Таксономические сдвиги в микробиоме цыплят на уровне классов как в период выпаивания антибиотика, так и после его отмены проявились тенденцией к снижению относительной доли представителей классов Clostridia и Bacteroidia, а также тенденцией к увеличению доли класса Bacilli, особенно на 8-й день после отмены препарата. Установлено, что десятидневный курс выпаивания энрофлоксацина в рекомендуемой дозе приводит к увеличению в микробиоме доли семейств Bacillaceae, Gastranaerophilales, Lactobacillaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, снижению относительной численности семейств Rikenellaceae, Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, Clostridiaceae, Ruminococcaceae и не влияет на колебания относительной численности семейства Lachnospiraceae. Выявленное увеличение доли Lactobacillaceae при использовании антибиотика можетговорить о возможностях здорового организма восстанавливать микробиоту самостоятельно. Результаты биоинформатического анализа метагеномных данных (без отсечения) показали присутствие в микробиоме цыплят 158 видов микроорганизмов, 38% из которых были отнесены к некультивируемым.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The diversity of gut microbiota is an important ecological resource that plays a key role in maintenance of the host homeostasis. It is extremely important to preserve the existing gut microbiota diversity, which ensures its resistance to the negative effects of abiotic factors, while the study of the antibiotic role in the disturbance of microbiota diversity is a fundamental basis used not only to identify aspects responsible for microbiota-associated poultry diseases, but also to learn techniques of microbiota management. This study gives a characteristic of poultry gut microbiota diversity before and after antibiotic administration based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Firmicutes and Bacteroidota species were predominantly detected in the chick microbiota during antibiotic administration and after its withdrawal. A significant increase in Patescibacteria abundance was observed on day 11 post enrofloxacin cessation. Actinobacteriota started appearing on day 11 after antibiotic discontinuation. An increase in Cyanobacteria abundance was detected on day 4 after the drug withdrawal. Taxonomic shifts in the chick microbial community structure at the class level both during the antibiotic treatment and after its withdrawal were observed. The abundance of Clostridia and Bacteroidia classes tended to decrease, while Bacilli class increased in its abundance, especially on day 8 after the drug withdrawal. It was found that a ten-day course of enrofloxacin treatment at the recommended doses leads to an increase in the abundance of Bacillaceae, Gastranaerophilales, Lactobacillaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae families, while the abundance of Rikenellaceae, Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, Clostridiaceae, Ruminococcaceae decreased and did not affect the abundance of Lachnospiraceae family. The revealed increase in the proportion of Lactobacillaceae during antibiotic treatment suggests the ability of a healthy organism to restore the microbiota balance. The results of metagenomic data bioinformatics (without truncation) showed the presence of 158 microorganism species in the chick microbiota, 38% of which were classified as nonculturable.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>метагеном</kwd><kwd>таргетное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>metagenome</kwd><kwd>targeted sequencing</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование финансировалось Федеральной службой по ветеринарному и фитосанитарному надзору, научно-исследовательский проект по теме «Диагностика состояния нормальной микробиоты желудочно-кишечного тракта сельскохозяйственной птицы под воздействием антимикробных и пробиотических препаратов для разработки и осуществления мер по ее сохранению или восстановлению».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was funded by the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance, a research project on the topic “Diagnosis of poultry normal gut microbiota under the influence of antimicrobials and probiotics to develop and introduce measures for microbiota preservation or restoration”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прасолова О. 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