veterinaryВетеринария сегодняVeterinary Science Today2304-196X2658-6959"Veinard"10.29326/2304-196X-2024-13-2-164-170veterinary-815Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ | БОЛЕЗНИ МЕЛКИХ ДОМАШНИХ ЖИВОТНЫХORIGINAL ARTICLES | DISEASES OF SMALL PETSКлинические исследования по оценке эффективности вакцины против панлейкопении, калицивироза и вирусного ринотрахеита кошек «Карнифел PCH» при иммунизации котятClinical efficacy studies of the vaccine against feline panleukopenia, calicivirus infection and viral rhinotracheitis Carnifel PCH in kittenshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9494-8537ГалкинаТ. С.GalkinaT. S.

Галкина Татьяна Сергеевна, канд. вет. наук, заведующий лабораторией профилактики болезней мелких домашних животных

мкр. Юрьевец, г. Владимир, 600901

Tatyana S. Galkina, Cand. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Head of Laboratory for Pets Disease Prevention

Yur’evets, Vladimir 600901 

galkina_ts@arriah.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1876-2025КомароваА. А.KomarovaA. A.

Комарова Анна Александровна, ведущий ветеринарный врач лаборатории профилактики болезней мелких домашних животных

мкр. Юрьевец, г. Владимир, 600901

Anna A. Komarova, Leading Veterinarian, Laboratory for Pets Disease Prevention

Yur’evets, Vladimir 600901 

komarova_aa@arriah.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3921-8050КиселевА. М.KiselevA. M.

Киселев Алексей Максимович, аспирант, ветеринарный врач лаборатории профилактики болезней мелких домашних животных

мкр. Юрьевец, г. Владимир, 600901 

Alexey M. Kiselev, Postgraduate Student, Veterinarian, Laboratory for Pets Disease Prevention

Yur’evets, Vladimir 600901 

kiselev_am@arriah.ruФГБУ «Федеральный центр охраны здоровья животных» (ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ»)РоссияFederal Centre for Animal HealthRussian Federation202413062024132164170Copyright © Галкина Т.С., Комарова А.А., Киселев А.М., 20242024Галкина Т.С., Комарова А.А., Киселев А.М.Galkina T.S., Komarova A.A., Kiselev A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/815

Вирусные инфекции у кошек приводят к серьезным заболеваниям, нередко становясь причиной летального исхода. Вакцины защищают животных от заболеваний, индуцируя образование антител и клеточный иммунный ответ. Первичная и бустерная вакцинация проводится в соответствии с рекомендациями по применению вакцинных препаратов, предоставленными организациями-разработчиками, исходя из минимальной продолжительности иммунитета. При панлейкопении кошек титры антител коррелируют с защитой от инфекции, что касается калицивироза и ринотрахеита, то аналогичная взаимосвязь отсутствует или менее четкая. Вакцинация кошек против данных заболеваний доступна на территории Российской Федерации уже много лет, тем не менее вирус панлейкопении (FPV), калицивирус (FCV) и герпесвирус (FHV) продолжают оставаться основными распространенными причинами заболеваемости и смертности среди представителей семейства кошачьих. Кошки-вирусоносители играют важную роль в передаче таких респираторных вирусов, как FHV и FCV, в кошачьей популяции, а длительная персистенция FPV в организме, устойчивость в окружающей среде и к дезинфектантам приводит к заражению восприимчивых котят. Ввиду того, что существует множество обладающих антигенным разнообразием штаммов FCV, введение вакцин, содержащих два штамма вируса или более, будет приводить к более широкому спектру перекрестной защиты. Целью данной работы было оценить эффективность разработанной на базе подведомственного Россельхознадзору ФГБУ «Федеральный центр охраны здоровья животных» (г. Владимир) вакцины против панлейкопении, калицивироза и вирусного ринотрахеита кошек, состоящей из 2 гетерологичных штаммов FCV (штамм «Перс» генотип I и штамм «Фауна» генотип II), штамма «Шеба» FPV и штамма «Лавр» FHV. Разработку и контроль качества препарата осуществляли согласно требованиям законодательства Российской Федерации. Клинические исследования проводили с использованием котят 8–12-недельного возраста из разных пометов, рожденных от серонегативных, невакцинированных кошек и содержавшихся в домашних условиях, ветеринарном госпитале и приютах для животных. Препарат успешно прошел всесторонний контроль качества и зарегистрирован на территории Российской Федерации.

Viral infections in cats can cause serious diseases and even death. Vaccines protect animals from diseases by inducing antibody production and cellular immune response. Primary and booster vaccinations are performed in accordance with the recommendations for the use of vaccines prescribed by the manufactures depending on the minimum duration of immunity. In case of feline panleukopenia, antibody titers correlate with the protection against infection, as for feline calicivirus infection and feline rhinotracheitis, there is no such correlation or it is less clear. Vaccination of cats against these diseases has been performed in the Russian Federation for many years, nevertheless, the feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline calicivirus (FCV) and feline herpesvirus (FHV) are still the main common cause of morbidity and mortality among cats. Virus-carrying cats play an important role in the transmission of respiratory viruses such as FHV and FCV in the feline population, and the long-term persistence of FPV in the body, stability in the environmental conditions and resistance to disinfecting agents can be a potential cause of the infection in susceptible kittens. Due to variety of antigenically different FCV strains, the use of the vaccines containing two or more viral strains may induce a broader heterologous protection. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccine against feline panleukopenia, feline calicivirus infection and feline viral rhinotracheitis developed at the Federal Center for Animal Health (Vladimir) subordinate to the Rosselkhoznadzor, containing 2 heterologous FCV strains (Pers strain genotype I and Fauna strain genotype II), FPV Sheba strain and FHV Lavr strain. The product was developed and tested for its quality in accordance with the requirements of the Russian Federation law. Clinical studies were conducted using 8–12 week-old kittens from different litters born from seronegative, non-vaccinated cats and kept in the household, in a veterinary hospital and animal shelters. The product has successfully passed comprehensive quality control and is registered in the territory of the Russian Federation.

панлейкопения кошеккалицивирусная инфекция кошеквирусный ринотрахеит кошекпрофилактикабезвредность и эффективность вакциныfeline panleukopeniafeline calicivirus infectionfeline viral rhinotracheitispreventionvaccine safety and efficacyРабота выполнена за счет средств ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ» в рамках тематики научно-исследовательских работ «Разработка комплексной системы контроля инфекционных болезней животных и совершенствование методов исследования остатков запрещенных и вредных веществ в организме животных, кормах и продуктах животного происхождения».The work was funded by the FGBI “ARRIAH” within the framework of the research topic “Development of a comprehensive control system for infectious animal diseases and improvement of the test methods for residues of banned and harmful substances in animals, feedstuffs and animal products”.ReferencesTruyen U., Parrish C. R. Feline panleukopenia virus: Its interesting evolution and current problems in immunoprophylaxis against a serious pathogen. Veterinary Microbiology. 2013; 165 (1–2): 29–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.005Truyen U., Parrish C. R. Feline panleukopenia virus: Its interesting evolution and current problems in immunoprophylaxis against a serious pathogen. Veterinary Microbiology. 2013; 165 (1–2): 29–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.005Диагностика и профилактика инфекционных болезней собак и кошек: руководство для практикующих ветеринарных врачей. Под ред. Т. И. Алипера. М.: ЗооВетКнига; 2017; 85–100.Diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases of dogs and cats: manual for veterinary practitioners. Ed. by T. I. Aliper. Moscow: ZooVetKniga; 2017; 85–100. (in Russ.)Walter J., Foley P., Yason C., Vanderstichel R., Muckle A. Prevalence of feline herpesvirus-1, feline calicivirus, Chlamydia felis, and Bordetella bronchiseptica in a population of shelter cats on Prince Edward Island. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2020; 84 (3): 181–188. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7301681Walter J., Foley P., Yason C., Vanderstichel R., Muckle A. Prevalence of feline herpesvirus-1, feline calicivirus, Chlamydia felis, and Bordetella bronchiseptica in a population of shelter cats on Prince Edward Island. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2020; 84 (3): 181–188. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7301681Stuetzer B., Hartmann K. Feline parvovirus infection and associated diseases. The Veterinary Journal. 2014; 201 (2): 150–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.027Stuetzer B., Hartmann K. Feline parvovirus infection and associated diseases. The Veterinary Journal. 2014; 201 (2): 150–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.027Jakel V., Cussler K., Hanschmann K. M., Truyen U., König M., Kamphuis E., Duchow K. Vaccination against Feline Panleukopenia: implications from a field study in kittens. BMC Veterinary Research. 2012; 8:62. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-8-62Jakel V., Cussler K., Hanschmann K. M., Truyen U., König M., Kamphuis E., Duchow K. Vaccination against Feline Panleukopenia: implications from a field study in kittens. BMC Veterinary Research. 2012; 8:62. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-8-62Masubuchi K., Wakatsuki A., Iwamoto K., Takahashi T., Kokubu T., Shimizu M. Immunological and genetic characterization of feline caliciviruses used in the development of a new trivalent inactivated vaccine in Japan. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 2010; 72 (9): 1189–1194. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.09-0436Masubuchi K., Wakatsuki A., Iwamoto K., Takahashi T., Kokubu T., Shimizu M. Immunological and genetic characterization of feline caliciviruses used in the development of a new trivalent inactivated vaccine in Japan. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 2010; 72 (9): 1189–1194. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.09-0436Porter C. J., Radford A. D., Gaskell R. M., Ryvar R., Coyne K. P., Pinchbeck G. L., Dawson S. Comparison of the ability of feline calicivirus (FCV) vaccines to neutralise a panel of current UK FCV isolates. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2008; 10 (1): 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2007.06.011Porter C. J., Radford A. D., Gaskell R. M., Ryvar R., Coyne K. P., Pinchbeck G. L., Dawson S. Comparison of the ability of feline calicivirus (FCV) vaccines to neutralise a panel of current UK FCV isolates. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2008; 10 (1): 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2007.06.011Schultz B. S., Hartmann K., Unterer S., Eichhorn W., Majzoub M., Homeier-Bachmann T., et al. Two outbreaks of virulent systemic feline calicivirus infection in cats in Germany. Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift. 2011; 124 (5–6): 186–193. https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-124-186Schultz B. S., Hartmann K., Unterer S., Eichhorn W., Majzoub M., Homeier-Bachmann T., et al. Two outbreaks of virulent systemic feline calicivirus infection in cats in Germany. Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift. 2011; 124 (5–6): 186–193. https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-124-186Bergmann M., Speck S., Rieger A., Truyen U., Hartmann K. Antibody response to feline calicivirus vaccination in healthy adult cats. Viruses. 2019; 11 (8):702. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11080702Bergmann M., Speck S., Rieger A., Truyen U., Hartmann K. Antibody response to feline calicivirus vaccination in healthy adult cats. Viruses. 2019; 11 (8):702. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11080702Radford A. D., Addie D., Belák S., Boucraut-Baralon C., Egberink H., Frymus T., et al. Feline calicivirus infection. ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2009; 11 (7): 556–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.004Radford A. D., Addie D., Belák S., Boucraut-Baralon C., Egberink H., Frymus T., et al. Feline calicivirus infection. ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2009; 11 (7): 556–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.004Richards J. R., Elston T. H., Ford R. B., Gaskell R. M., Hartmann K., Hurley K. F., et al. The 2006 American Association of Feline Practitioners Feline Vaccine Advisory Panel report. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2006; 229 (9): 1405–1441. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.229.9.1405Richards J. R., Elston T. H., Ford R. B., Gaskell R. M., Hartmann K., Hurley K. F., et al. The 2006 American Association of Feline Practitioners Feline Vaccine Advisory Panel report. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2006; 229 (9): 1405–1441. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.229.9.1405Day M. J., Horzinek M. C., Schultz R. D. Compiled by the Vaccination Guidelines Group (VGG) of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA). Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2007; 48 (9): 528–541. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00462.xDay M. J., Horzinek M. C., Schultz R. D. Compiled by the Vaccination Guidelines Group (VGG) of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA). Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2007; 48 (9): 528–541. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00462.xScherk M. A., Ford R. B., Gaskell R. M., Hartmann K., Hurley K. F., Lappin M. R., et al. 2013 AAFP feline vaccination advisory panel report. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2013; 15 (9): 785–808. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X13500429Scherk M. A., Ford R. B., Gaskell R. M., Hartmann K., Hurley K. F., Lappin M. R., et al. 2013 AAFP feline vaccination advisory panel report. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2013; 15 (9): 785–808. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X13500429Thiry E., Addie D., Belák S., Boucraut-Baralon C., Egberink H., Frymus T., et al. Feline herpesvirus infection: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2009; 11 (7): 547–555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.003Thiry E., Addie D., Belák S., Boucraut-Baralon C., Egberink H., Frymus T., et al. Feline herpesvirus infection: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2009; 11 (7): 547–555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.003Schultz R. D. Duration of immunity for canine and feline vaccines: A review. Veterinary Microbiology. 2006; 117 (1): 75–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.04.013Schultz R. D. Duration of immunity for canine and feline vaccines: A review. Veterinary Microbiology. 2006; 117 (1): 75–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.04.013Poulet H., Jas D., Lemeter C., Coupier C., Brunet S. Efficacy of a bivalent inactivated non-adjuvanted feline calicivirus vaccine: Relation between in vitro cross-neutralization and heterologous protection in vivo. Vaccine. 2008; 26 (29–30): 3647–3654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.04.082Poulet H., Jas D., Lemeter C., Coupier C., Brunet S. Efficacy of a bivalent inactivated non-adjuvanted feline calicivirus vaccine: Relation between in vitro cross-neutralization and heterologous protection in vivo. Vaccine. 2008; 26 (29–30): 3647–3654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.04.082Huang C., Hess J., Gill M., Hustead D. A dual-strain feline calicivirus vaccine stimulates broader cross-neutralization antibodies than a single-strain vaccine and lessens clinical signs in vaccinated cats when challenged with a homologous feline calicivirus strain associated with virulent systemic disease. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2010; 12 (2): 129–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.08.006Huang C., Hess J., Gill M., Hustead D. A dual-strain feline calicivirus vaccine stimulates broader cross-neutralization antibodies than a single-strain vaccine and lessens clinical signs in vaccinated cats when challenged with a homologous feline calicivirus strain associated with virulent systemic disease. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2010; 12 (2): 129–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.08.006Lappin M. R. Feline panleukopenia virus, feline herpesvirus-1 and feline calicivirus antibody responses in seronegative specific pathogen-free kittens after parenteral administration of an inactivated FVRCP vaccine or a modified live FVRCP vaccine. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2012; 14 (2): 161–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X11432240Lappin M. R. Feline panleukopenia virus, feline herpesvirus-1 and feline calicivirus antibody responses in seronegative specific pathogen-free kittens after parenteral administration of an inactivated FVRCP vaccine or a modified live FVRCP vaccine. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2012; 14 (2): 161–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X11432240Richards J. R., Elston T. H., Ford R. B., Gaskell R. M., Hartmann K., Hurley K. F., et al. The 2006 American Association of Feline Practitioners Feline Vaccine Advisory Panel report. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2006; 229 (9): 1405–1441. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.229.9.1405Richards J. R., Elston T. H., Ford R. B., Gaskell R. M., Hartmann K., Hurley K. F., et al. The 2006 American Association of Feline Practitioners Feline Vaccine Advisory Panel report. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2006; 229 (9): 1405–1441. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.229.9.1405Baulch-Brown C., Love D., Meanger J. Sequence variation within the capsid protein of Australian isolates of feline calicivirus. VeterinaryMicrobiology. 1999; 68 (1–2): 107–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(99)00066-8Baulch-Brown C., Love D., Meanger J. Sequence variation within the capsid protein of Australian isolates of feline calicivirus. VeterinaryMicrobiology. 1999; 68 (1–2): 107–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(99)00066-8Berger A., Willi B., Meli M. L., Boretti F. S., Hartnack S., Dreyfus A., et. al. Feline calicivirus and other respiratory pathogens in cats with Feline calicivirus-related symptoms and in clinically healthy cats in Switzerland. BMC Veterinary Research. 2015; 11:282. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0595-2Berger A., Willi B., Meli M. L., Boretti F. S., Hartnack S., Dreyfus A., et. al. Feline calicivirus and other respiratory pathogens in cats with Feline calicivirus-related symptoms and in clinically healthy cats in Switzerland. BMC Veterinary Research. 2015; 11:282. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0595-2Wensman J. J., Samman A., Lindhe A., Thibault J.-C., Berndtsson L. T., Hosie M. J. Ability of vaccine strain induced antibodies to neutralize field isolates of caliciviruses from Swedish cats. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 2015; 57:86. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-015-0178-zWensman J. J., Samman A., Lindhe A., Thibault J.-C., Berndtsson L. T., Hosie M. J. Ability of vaccine strain induced antibodies to neutralize field isolates of caliciviruses from Swedish cats. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 2015; 57:86. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-015-0178-zSpiri A. M., Riond B., Stirn M., Novacco M., Meli M. L., Boretti F. S., et al. Modified-live feline calicivirus vaccination reduces viral RNA loads, duration of RNAemia, and the severity of clinical signs after heterologous feline calicivirus challenge. Viruses. 2021; 13 (8):1505. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081505Spiri A. M., Riond B., Stirn M., Novacco M., Meli M. L., Boretti F. S., et al. Modified-live feline calicivirus vaccination reduces viral RNA loads, duration of RNAemia, and the severity of clinical signs after heterologous feline calicivirus challenge. Viruses. 2021; 13 (8):1505. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081505Hofmann-Lehmann R., Hosie M. J., Hartmann K., Egberink H., Truyen U., et al. Calicivirus infection in cats. Viruses. 2022; 14 (5):937. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14050937Hofmann-Lehmann R., Hosie M. J., Hartmann K., Egberink H., Truyen U., et al. Calicivirus infection in cats. Viruses. 2022; 14 (5):937. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14050937Sparkes A. Feline vaccination protocols: is a consensus emerging? Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde. 2010; 152 (3): 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1024/0036-7281/a000032Sparkes A. Feline vaccination protocols: is a consensus emerging? Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde. 2010; 152 (3): 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1024/0036-7281/a000032

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.