veterinaryВетеринария сегодняVeterinary Science Today2304-196X2658-6959"Veinard"10.29326/2304-196X-2024-13-1-20-26veterinary-786Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ | БОЛЕЗНИ КРСREVIEWS | BOVINE DISEASESВирус гриппа D у крупного рогатого скота (обзор)Influenza D virus in cattle (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2649-7505КотеневаС. В.KotenevaS. V.

Котенева Светлана Владимировна, канд. вет. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

р. п. Краснообск, Новосибирская обл.

Svetlana V. Koteneva, Cand. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Leading Researcher

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk Oblast

koteneva-sv@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2006-0196ГлотовА. Г.GlotovA. G.

Глотов Александр Гаврилович, д-р вет. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник

р. п. Краснообск, Новосибирская обл.

Alexander G. Glotov, Dr. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Professor, Chief Researcher

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk Oblast

glotov_vet@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-8749ГлотоваТ. И.GlotovaT. I.

Глотова Татьяна Ивановна, д-р биол. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник

р. п. Краснообск, Новосибирская обл.

Tatyana I. Glotova, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Chief Researcher

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk Oblast

t-glotova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-4268НефедченкоА. В.NefedchenkoA. V.

Нефедченко Алексей Васильевич, д-р вет. наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник

р. п. Краснообск, Новосибирская обл.

Alexey V. Nefedchenko, Dr. Sci. (Veterinary), Associate Professor Leading Researcher

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk Oblast

homeovet@yandex.ruСибирский федеральный научный центр агробиотехнологий Российской академии наук, Институт экспериментальной ветеринарии Сибири и Дальнего Востока (ИЭВСиДВ СФНЦА РАН)РоссияSiberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Veterinary Science of Siberia and the Far EastRussian Federation2024150320241312026Copyright © Котенева С.В., Глотов А.Г., Глотова Т.И., Нефедченко А.В., 20242024Котенева С.В., Глотов А.Г., Глотова Т.И., Нефедченко А.В.Koteneva S.V., Glotov A.G., Glotova T.I., Nefedchenko A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/786

Вирус гриппа D впервые был обнаружен и идентифицирован в 2011 г. Его аминокислотная последовательность примерно на 50% идентична аминокислотной последовательности вируса гриппа С, что предполагает наличие общего предка у обоих патогенов. Основной резервуар вируса гриппа D – крупный рогатый скот. Установлено участие данного возбудителя в комплексе респираторных болезней крупного рогатого скота. Вирус вызывает у телят заболевание легкой и умеренной степени тяжести и реплицируется как в верхних, так и в нижних отделах дыхательных путей, способствуя возникновению бронхопневмонии. Возбудитель гриппа D передается контактным и воздушно-капельным путем на короткие расстояния, имеет высокую частоту передачи и может усиливать действие других патогенов. На сегодняшний день вакцин или специфического лечения не существует. Агент способен размножаться и передаваться при прямом контакте в организме хорьков и морских свинок, являющихся суррогатными моделями для изучения человеческого гриппа, а также в культурах высокодифференцированных эпителиальных клеток дыхательных путей человека hAEC. В настоящее время определены пять генетических групп вируса гриппа D, циркулирующих в популяциях крупного рогатого скота и свиней во всем мире, что может способствовать генетической рекомбинации между различными штаммами. Возбудитель обладает зоонозным потенциалом и, если произойдет резкое изменение его патогенности для человека, может явиться серьезной проблемой для общественного здравоохранения. Сообщалось о высоком уровне серопозитивности к вирусу среди персонала животноводческих ферм в США и Италии. В доступной литературе нет данных о циркуляции возбудителя гриппа D на территории Российской Федерации. Необходимы исследования, направленные на изучение этого нового вируса, а также проведение мониторинга распространения и циркуляции патогена в нашей стране для понимания его роли в комплексе респираторных заболеваний крупного рогатого скота и зоонозного потенциала.

The influenza D virus was first detected and identified in 2011. The overall amino acid sequence of influenza D virus shares approximately 50% identity with that of influenza C virus, suggesting that both viruses had a common ancestor. Cattle is considered to be the primary natural reservoir for influenza D virus. The involvement of this virus into the bovine respiratory disease complex has been confirmed. The virus causes mild to moderate disease in calves and replicates in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, promoting bronchopneumonia. The influenza D virus can be transmitted by contact or aerosol over short distances, has a high transmission rate and can potentiate the effects of other respiratory pathogens. There are currently no vaccines or specific treatment for influenza D virus. This virus can replicate and be transmitted by direct contact in ferrets and guinea pigs, which are surrogate models of human influenza infection, as well as in well-differentiated human airway epithelial cells (hAECs). Currently five distinctive lineages of influenza D virus have been identified, co-circulating in worldwide bovine and pig populations that may facilitate genetic re-assortment between different viral strains. The virus has a zoonotic potential, and if its pathogenicity for humans changes, its importance for public health will be great. Very high seropositivity rates among persons working with cattle in the USA and Italy have been reported. There is no data in the available literature on the circulation of the influenza D virus in the Russian Federation. Research is needed to study this new virus, as well as monitoring of the virus spread and circulation in our country to understand its role in bovine respiratory disease complex and its zoonotic potential.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.