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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2023-12-1-29-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-706</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БОЛЕЗНИ МЕЛКИХ ДОМАШНИХ ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PET DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>FeLV-индуцированный лейкоз кошачьих как естественная модель для изучения патофизиологии лейкозов (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FeLV-induced feline leukemia as a natural model for leukemia pathophysiology study (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9517-7495</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Табакаева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tabakaeva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Табакаева Татьяна Владимировна, научный сотрудник лаборатории эктопаразитологии</p><p>г. Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Tabakaeva, Researcher, Laboratory of Ectoparasitology</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rabchan1992@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5408-1454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыбульский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsybulsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыбульский Александр Васильевич, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры биохимии, микробиологии и биотехнологии</p><p>г. Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Tsybulsky, Candidate of Science (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avt_botech@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3617-9711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранчугова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranchugova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранчугова Ксения Александровна, аспирант, ветеринарный врач</p><p>г. Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenya A. Baranchugova, Post-Graduate Student, Veterinarian</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranchugovaka@dvfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7899-555X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галкина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galkina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галкина Ирина Вячеславовна, кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории экологии микроорганизмов</p><p>г. Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Galkina, Candidate of Science (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Laboratory for Microorganism Ecology</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alkina333@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-7623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щелканов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchelkanov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щелканов Михаил Юрьевич, доктор биологических наук, директор ФГБНУ  «НИИ  эпидемиологии и  микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова» Роспотребнадзора</p><p>г. Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov, Doctor of Science (Biology), Director, Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adorob@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Дальневосточный федеральный университет» (Дальневосточный федеральный университет);  ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г. П. Сомова» Роспотребнадзора (ФГБНУ «НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова» Роспотребнадзора)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Federal University; FSBSI “Research Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology” (Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Дальневосточный федеральный университет» (Дальневосточный федеральный университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Дальневосточный федеральный университет» (Дальневосточный федеральный университет); ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г. П. Сомова» Роспотребнадзора (ФГБНУ «НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова» Роспотребнадзора); ФГБУН «Федеральный научный центр биоразнообразия наземной биоты Восточной Азии» Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук (ФНЦ Биоразнообразия ДВО РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Federal University; FSBSI “Research Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology” (Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology); Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FSCEATB FEB RAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Табакаева Т.В., Цыбульский А.В., Баранчугова К.А., Галкина И.В., Щелканов М.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Табакаева Т.В., Цыбульский А.В., Баранчугова К.А., Галкина И.В., Щелканов М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tabakaeva T.V., Tsybulsky A.V., Baranchugova K.A., Galkina I.V., Shchelkanov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/706">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/706</self-uri><abstract><p>Лейкозы – большая группа различных по этиопатогенетическим механизмам заболеваний, распространенных практически у всех видов млекопитающих. В обзоре внимание уделено лейкозу кошек, или лейкемии кошачьих, – часто встречающемуся заболеванию домашних и диких представителей семейства кошачьих (Carnivora, Felidae), которое является одной из основных причин их смертности. Дана характеристика этиологии и патогенеза лейкемии кошачьих, оцениваются возможные способы лечения и профилактики инфекции, а также возможность использования домашней кошки как модели для изучения лейкозов семейства кошачьих. Этиологический агент лейкемии кошачьих – вирус лейкемии кошачьих (FeLV – Felineleukemiavirus), геном которого представлен одноцепочечной РНК, упакованной в капсид икосаэдрической симметрии, формируемый мономерами капсидного белка p27. Клинические проявления лейкемии у кошачьих связаны с высокой вирулентностью вируса и характеризуются ярко выраженной клинической картиной и развитием полиорганной недостаточности. Лечение лейкемии у кошек малоэффективно и направлено в основном на поддержание функционирования органов и систем. Также применяются иммуномодуляторы и химиотерапия. В качестве превентивной меры используется вакцинопрофилактика, однако существующие на рынке адъювантные и безадъювантные вакцины не обеспечивают надежной защиты от инфекции. Вирус лейкемии встречается у диких кошачьих, в том числе у редких и исчезающих видов, что, несомненно, влияет на численность их популяций. Несмотря на то что данных по лейкемии у диких кошачьих крайне мало, отдельные зарегистрированные случаи свидетельствуют о том, что заболевание у крупных кошек также имеет тяжелое течение и приводит к летальному исходу. Лейкемия кошачьих, несмотря на накопленный массив данных, и по сей день остается серьезной, нерешенной проблемой не только для специалистов ветеринарной практики, но также для экологов, зоологов и вирусологов, чья область исследования так или иначе связана с семейством кошачьих, изучением ретровирусов и сохранением биоразнообразия на планете. Необходимы дальнейшие прикладные и фундаментальные исследования и их верификация в области изучения вируса лейкемии кошачьих, лечения и профилактики лейкоза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Leukemia is alarge group of diseases different in etiopathogenetic mechanisms and common in almost all mammalian species. There view focuses on feline leukemia, a common disease of domestic and wild felids (Carnivora, Felidae), being one of the main causes of their deaths. Feline leukemia pathogenesis and etiology are described; possible methods for the infection treatment and prevention, as well as possibility of using cats as a model for feline leukemia study areassessed. Feline leukemia etiological agent is a feline leukemia virus (FeLV), having single-stranded RNA genomesurrounded with icosahedral capsidformedbyp27 capsid protein monomers. Leukemia clinical man ifestations in felids depend on high virulence of the virus and the disease is characterized with pronounced clinical picture and multipleorgan dysfunction. Treatment of leukemia in cats is ineffective and is mainly aimedat maintaining the functions of the body organs and systems. Immunomodulators and chemotherapy are alsoused. Vaccination isusedas apreventive measure, but commercially available adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted vaccinesdo not confer effective protection from the infection. The leukemia virus is reportedin wildfelids includingrare and endangeredfeline species that is undoubtedly affects their population sizes. Despite veryfew data on leukemia, the reported cases show that leukemia in large cats is also severe and fatal. Feline leukemia, despite the accumulated of data, remainsan on going serious and unresolved problem not only for veterinarians, but also for ecologists, zoologists and virologists involvedin the research related to the feline family, study of retroviruses and biodiversity conservation on the planet. Furthe rapplied and fund a mental research and verification there of in the field of feline leukemia virus study, leukemia treatment and prevention are required.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>лейкоз кошачьих</kwd><kwd>ретровирусы</kwd><kwd>вирус лейкемии кошачьих</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная модель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>feline leukemia</kwd><kwd>retroviruses</kwd><kwd>feline leukemia virus</kwd><kwd>experimental models</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке РФФИ в рамках проекта 18-34-00075 «Изучение состояния системы интерферона у домашних  кошек с сочетанной ретро- и парвовирусной патологией и различными экто- и эндопаразитозами и разработка эффективных программ интерферонотерапии сочетанных вирусно-паразитарных заболеваний кошек».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed with support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) in the framework of project 18-34-00075 “Study of interferon system state in domestic cats with retro- and parvovirus pathology associated with ecto- and endoparasites and development of effective programmes on interferon therapy of concomitant viral-parasitic diseases in cats”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hotta T. 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