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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2022-11-4-375-381</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-683</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ | ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS | GENERAL ISSUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы применения токсина Bacillus anthracis в терапии онкологических заболеваний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prospects for the use of Bacillus anthracis toxin in cancer therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0853-5678</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Родионов Александр Павлович, младший научныйсотрудник лаборатории коллекции штаммов микроорганизмов</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander P. Rodionov, Junior Researcher, Laboratory for Collection of Strains of Microorganisms</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandrvetspets@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4378-8569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Светлана Викторовна, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории вирусных антропозоонозов</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Ivanova, Candidate of Science (Biology), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Anthropozoonoses</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9274281396@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6204-6077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемьева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артемьева Елена Александровна, кандидат ветеринарных наук, заведующий лабораторией коллекции штаммов микроорганизмов</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Artemeva, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Head of Laboratory for Collection of Strains of Microorganisms</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artemevaelena21@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0159-3843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мельникова Лилия Арсентьевна, кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории коллекции штаммов микроорганизмов</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lilia A. Melnikova, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, Laboratory for Collection of Strains of Microorganisms</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vnivi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный центр токсикологической, радиационной и биологической безопасности» (ФГБНУ «ФЦТРБ-ВНИВИ»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI «Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety» (FSBSI «FCTRBS-ARRVI»)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>375</fpage><lpage>381</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Родионов А.П., Иванова С.В., Артемьева Е.А., Мельникова Л.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Родионов А.П., Иванова С.В., Артемьева Е.А., Мельникова Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rodionov A.P., Ivanova S.V., Artemeva E.A., Melnikova L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/683">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/683</self-uri><abstract><p>Онкологические заболевания – одна из ведущих причин смертности домашних непродуктивных животных, а также людей во всем мире. Противо­показания и побочные эффекты традиционных методов лечения рака актуализируют исследования, направленные на поиск новых способов борьбы с такого рода заболеваниями. Одним из перспективных методов лечения онкологии является применение компонентов бактериальных токсинов, в том числе токсинов возбудителя сибирской язвы – Bacillus anthracis. Летальный фактор – главный фактор вирулентности возбудителя сибирской язвы, пред­ставляющий из себя цинк-зависимую металлопротеазу, субстратом которой являются внутриклеточные сигнальные пути MAPK, широко представленные в раковых клетках. Данный обзор сосредоточен на обсуждении опыта зарубежных исследователей по применению летального фактора Bacillus anthracis в терапии онкологических заболеваний. В работе представлены данные исследований, характеризующие структуру и функции летального фактора, отражающие результаты его воздействия на онкологические клетки как в составе токсина возбудителя сибирской язвы, так и в виде отдельной едини­цы, раскрывающие его терапевтический потенциал. Анализ литературных источников продемонстрировал перспективность возможного применения летального фактора на таких видах онкологических заболеваний, как рак печени, легких, толстой кишки, груди, поджелудочной железы, яичников, простаты, желудка и нервной системы. Однако, несмотря на впечатляющие результаты, необходимы дальнейшие глубокие исследования в этом на­правлении, касающиеся подбора оптимальных дозировок летального фактора, определения чувствительности к нему различных видов рака, изучения его воздействия на другие ткани организма и взаимодействия с иммунной системой в процессе терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cancer is one of the major causes of death in pet animals and humans worldwide. The contraindications and side effects associated with conventional cancer therapies heighten the importance of research aimed at finding new ways to combat cancer. One of the promising methods for the treatment of oncological diseases is the use of components of bacterial toxins, in particular the toxins of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. Lethal factor is the main virulence factor of the anthrax pathogen, which is a zinc-dependent metalloprotease, the substrate for which is intracellular MAPK signaling pathways widely present in cancer cells. This review focuses on discussing the experience of foreign researchers in the application of Bacillus anthracis lethal factor in cancer therapy. The paper presents data from the studies that characterize the structure and functions of the lethal factor, reflect the results of its application on cancer cells both as a part of anthrax toxin and as a separate unit, reveal its therapeutic potential. The analysis of literature demonstrated good prospects for the potential use of the lethal factor to combat such types of cancer as liver, lung, colon, breast, pancreatic, ovarian, prostate, stomach and nervous system cancers. However, despite the impressive results, further in-depth research is needed in this area concerning selection of optimum doses of the lethal factor, determination of sensitivity of different types of cancer to it, investigation of its effects on other body tissues and interaction with the immune system during therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>сибирская язва</kwd><kwd>Bacillus anthracis</kwd><kwd>рак</kwd><kwd>онкология</kwd><kwd>летальный фактор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>anthrax</kwd><kwd>Bacillus anthracis</kwd><kwd>cancer</kwd><kwd>oncology</kwd><kwd>lethal factor</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Максимов С. М., Ханхасыков С. П. Онкологическая патология как причина смерти собак и кошек в городе Уссурийск. Вестник ИрГСХА. 2022; 1 (108): 118–126. 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