veterinaryВетеринария сегодняVeterinary Science Today2304-196X2658-6959"Veinard"10.29326/2304-196X-2022-11-2-169-175veterinary-646Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ | ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫREVIEWS | GENERAL ISSUESЭффективность и безопасность лекарственных препаратов при лечении экспериментальных и спонтанных микоплазменных инфекцийEffectiveness and safety of therapeutics used for treatment of experimental or spontaneous Mycoplasma infectionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6991-7253АгольцовВ. А.AgoltsovV. A.

Агольцов Валерий Александрович - доктор ветеринарных наук, профессор, профессор кафедры болезней животных и ветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы Саратовского ГАУ.

410012, Саратов, Театральная площадь, 1.

Valeriy A. Agoltsov - Doctor of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Professor, Professor of the Department of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Sanitary Examination, Saratov SAU.

410012, Saratov, Teatral’naya ploshchad’, 1.

agoltsov-saratov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8402-6798ПадилоЛ. П.PadiloL. P.

Падило  Лариса Павловна - ассистент  кафедры  болезней животных и ветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы Саратовского ГАУ.

Саратов.

Larisa P. Padilo - Assistant of the Department of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Sanitary Examination, Saratov SAU.

Saratov.

padilo-2019@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-719XБирюковаО. П.BiryukovaO. P.

Бирюкова Оксана Петровна - кандидат ветеринарных  наук, доцент, доцент кафедры болезней животных и ветеринарно-санитарной   экспертизы   Саратовского ГАУ.

Саратов.

Oksana P. Biryukova - Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Associate  Professor,  Associate  Professor of the  Department of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Sanitary Examination, Saratov SAU.

Saratov.

kras-bi@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0528-6514ЛигидоваМ. М.LigidovaM. M.

Лигидова  Марьяна Мухамедовна - аспирант   кафедры болезней животных и ветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы Саратовского ГАУ.

Саратов.

Maryana M. Ligidova - Post-Graduate  Student, Department of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Sanitary Examination, Saratov SAU.

Saratov.

maryana090392@mail.ruСаратовский государственный аграрный университет имени Н.И. ВавиловаРоссияSaratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. VavilovRussian Federation202210062022112169175Copyright © Агольцов В.А., Падило Л.П., Бирюкова О.П., Лигидова М.М., 20222022Агольцов В.А., Падило Л.П., Бирюкова О.П., Лигидова М.М.Agoltsov V.A., Padilo L.P., Biryukova O.P., Ligidova M.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/646

Микоплазмозы  крупного и мелкого рогатого скота, свиней и птиц имеют широкое распространение и чаще всего проявляются в ассоциативной форме течения инфекционного процесса. Mycoplasma spp. вызывают воспалительные заболевания  органов дыхания, суставов и мозговых оболочек, кератоконъюнктивиты, маститы и эндометриты, аборты и рождение мертвого нежизнеспособного приплода. Этиотропная терапия микоплазменных инфекций заключается в назначении антибиотиков: энрофлоксацина, дифлоксацина, окситетрациклина, хлортетрациклина, доксициклина, тилозина, тилмикозина, тилвалозина, тиамулина, флорфеникола, линкомицина, спектиномицина, тулатромицина. Результаты исследований, опубликованные в различных источниках, показывают  высокую чувствительность  Mycoplasma synoviae и Mycoplasma gallisepticum к тетрациклинам,  тиамулину и тилвалозину.  Изоляты с повышенной устойчивостью к тилмикозину также резистентны к тилозину и линкомицину. Лечение респираторных инфекций ягнят, основными возбудителями  которых являются Mannheimia haemolytica и Mycoplasma, проходит успешно с применением  фторхинолонов, тилмикозина, тулатромицина, хлортетрациклина,  энрофлоксацина,  доксициклина и окситетрациклина. Изоляты Mycoplasma bovis в значительной  степени чувствительны к окситетрациклину, флорфениколу и тулатромицину, менее  выраженный  терапевтический  эффект оказывает  энрофлоксацин. При лечении респираторных заболеваний  молодняка  крупного рогатого скота, протекающих в ассоциации с Mycoplasma spp., эффективны тилмикозин  и окситетрациклин. Значительное терапевтическое действие при лечении пневмонии у поросят-отъемышей, экспериментально инфицированных Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, оказывает тулатромицин и тилмикозин, заметно повышает лечебный эффект многократное (курсовое) применение энрофлоксацина. Тилмикозин эффективен в борьбе и с другими бактериальными инфекциями свиней (пастереллезом, стрептококкозом, гемофилезным полисерозитом, инфекционным атрофическим ринитом). Общая профилактика микоплазменных инфекций заключается в соблюдении ветеринарно-санитарных норм и осуществлении карантинных мероприятий в очаге инфекции.

Mycoplasmoses of cattle and small ruminants,  pigs and poultry are widely spread and the infection process is frequently associated with other diseases. Mycoplasma spp. cause inflammatory respiratory diseases, diseases of joints and meninges, keratoconjunctivitis, mastitis and endometritis,  abortion and stillbirths. Etiotropic therapy of mycoplasmal infections consists in prescribing antibiotics: enrofloxacin, difloxacin, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, tylosin, tilmicosin, tylvalosin, tiamulin, florfenicol, lincomycin, spectinomycin, tulathromycin. The results of studies described in different publications show high sensitivity of Mycoplasma synoviae and Mycoplasma gallisepticum to tetracyclines, tiamulin and tylvalosin. Isolates with increased resistance to tilmicosin are also resistant to tylosin and lincomycin. Treatment of respiratory infections in lambs, the main causative agents  of which are Mannheimia haemolytica and Mycoplasma, has been successful with the use of fluoroquinolones, tilmicosin, tulathromycin, chlortetracycline, enrofloxacin, doxycycline, and oxytetracycline. Isolates of Mycoplasma bovis are largely sensitive to oxytetracycline, florfenicol and tulathromycin.  Enrofloxacin has a less pronounced therapeutic effect. Tilmicosin and oxytetracycline are effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases of young cattle, associated with Mycoplasma spp. Tulathromycin and tilmicosin have a significant therapeutic effect in the treatment of pneumonia in weaned piglets experimentally infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Multiple (course) use of enrofloxacin significantly increases the therapeutic effect. Tilmicosin is effective in the control of other bacterial infections of pigs (pasteurellosis, streptococcosis, hemophilic polyserositis, infectious atrophic rhinitis).The general prophylaxis of mycoplasmal infections is to comply with veterinary and sanitary standards and to implement quarantine measures in the infection outbreak.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.