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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2022-11-2-104-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-634</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ | БОЛЕЗНИ СВИНЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES | PORCINE DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Плотность популяции дикого кабана и распространение африканской чумы свиней в Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Density of wild boar population  and spread of African swine fever in the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-2989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ольга Игоревна - научный сотрудник отдела эпизоотологии и оценки риска, связанного со здоровьем  животных, ННИВИ – филиал ФИЦВиМ.</p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ветеринарная, 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga I. Zakharova - Researcher, Department of Epizootology and  Risk Assessment Associated with Animal Health, NNRVI – Branch of the FRCVM.</p><p>603950, Nizhny Novgorod, ul. Veterinarnaya, 3.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ozakharova@ficvim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5161-1184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блохин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blokhin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Блохин Андрей Александрович - кандидат ветеринарных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель отдела эпизоотологии  и оценки  риска,  связанного  со здоровьем животных,  ННИВИ  –  филиал  ФГБНУ  ФИЦВиМ.</p><p>Нижний Новгород.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Blokhin - Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Leading Researcher, Head of Department of Epizootology and Risk Assessment Associated with Animal Health, NNRVI – Branch of the FRCVM.</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">and.bloxin2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4786-6886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торопова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toropova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Торопова Надежда Николаевна - микробиолог   отдела эпизоотологии  и оценки  риска,  связанного  со здоровьем животных,  ННИВИ  –  филиал ФИЦВиМ.</p><p>Нижний Новгород.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda  N. Toropova - Microbiologyst,  Department   of Epizootology and Risk Assessment Associated with Animal Health, NNRVI – Branch of the FRCVM.</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">toropova.nadya2014@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-0334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурова</surname><given-names>О. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурова Ольга Александровна - заместитель руководителя отдела эпизоотологии и оценки риска, связанного со здоровьем  животных,  ННИВИ  –  филиал ФИЦВиМ.</p><p>Нижний Новгород.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Burova - Deputy Head of Department of Epizootology and Risk Assessment Associated with Animal Health, NNRVI – Branch of the FRCVM.</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">burovaolga@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-0334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яшин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yashin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яшин Иван Вячеславович - кандидат биологических  наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпизоотологии  и оценки риска, связанного со здоровьем животных, ННИВИ – филиал ФИЦВиМ.</p><p>Нижний Новгород.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Yashin - Candidate   of  Science  (Biology),  Leading Researcher, Department of Epizootology  and Risk Assessment Associated with Animal Health, NNRVI – Branch of the FRCVM.</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanyashin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7378-3531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коренной</surname><given-names>Ф. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korennoy</surname><given-names>F. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коренной Федор Игоревич - кандидат географических  наук, научный сотрудник информационно-аналитического центра ВНИИЗЖ.</p><p>Владимир.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedor I. Korennoy - Candidate of Science (Geography), Researcher, Information and Analysis Centre, FGBI “ARRIAH”.</p><p>Vladimir.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korennoy@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр вирусологии и микробиологии; Нижегородский научно-исследовательский  ветеринарный  институт – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра вирусологии и микробиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology; Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute – Branch of Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный центр охраны здоровья  животных</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Centre for Animal Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова О.И., Блохин А.А., Торопова Н.Н., Бурова О.A., Яшин И.В., Коренной Ф.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова О.И., Блохин А.А., Торопова Н.Н., Бурова О.A., Яшин И.В., Коренной Ф.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova O.I., Blokhin A.A., Toropova N.N., Burova O.A., Yashin I.V., Korennoy F.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/634">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/634</self-uri><abstract><p>Такое вирусное трансграничное заболевание всех представителей семейства свиньи (Suidae), как африканская чума свиней, наносит колоссальный ущерб не только мировой свиноводческой отрасли, но и экологии кабана (Sus scrofa) – животного, являющегося природным резервуаром  вируса и участником эпизоотического процесса. Одной из мер по предотвращению распространения африканской чумы свиней на территории Российской Федерации является депопуляция дикого кабана. Рекомендуемое «Планом действий по предотвращению заноса на территорию Российской Федерации африканской чумы свиней и ее распространения» значение плотности популяции кабана в 0,25 особи/1000 га (0,025 особи/км2) для многих субъектов страны было достигнуто к 2020 г., но, как показывает анализ эпизоотической ситуации по африканской чуме свиней, данная мера не привела к полному искоренению инфекции в Российской Федерации. Регрессионный анализ показал, что в ряде модельных  субъектов (N = 6) прослеживается статистически значимая положительная взаимосвязь  между наличием повторяющихся вспышек африканской чумы свиней в популяции дикого кабана и ее плотности. В то же время  в других модельных  субъектах (N = 3) такая зависимость  отсутствует, а вспышки африканской чумы свиней регистрировались среди диких кабанов при плотности, существенно меньшей рекомендуемого  значения. Обзор зарубежной и отечественной научной литературы показал, что применение методов контроля численности кабанов, таких как депопуляция, является лишь частью комплекса мер по искоренению африканской чумы свиней в дикой природе и эффективно лишь при изъятии 70–80% особей в короткие сроки, что практически нереализуемо в силу высоких экономических затрат и нюансов применения  методов  контроля и сокращения популяции. Исходя из полученных результатов,  можно сделать вывод, что снижение численности дикого кабана не является гарантией прекращения дальнейшего распространения инфекции на территории Российской Федерации и должно, рассматриваться в составе комплекса мер, направленных на ликвидацию и предупреждение заноса африканской чумы свиней, наряду с другими противоэпизоотическими мероприятиями.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>African swine fever (ASF) is a transboundary viral disease affecting all species of the Suidae family. It greatly undermines global pig industry and causes a significant damage to the ecology of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) which is a natural reservoir of the virus and is an intermediate  link in the epizootic process. Depopulation of wild boars is one of the measures taken to prevent spread of African swine fever in the Russian Federation. A threshold density of the wild boar population of 0.25 boars/1000 ha (0.025 boars/km2), according to the National Plan on the ASF Eradication in the Russian Federation, was achieved by 2020 in many RF Subjects. However, further analysis of the ASF epizootic situation shows that the measure has failed to eradicate the infection completely. A regression analysis showed statistically significant positive relationship between recurrent ASF outbreaks in the wild boar population and its density in a number of model subjects (N = 6). At the same time, there is no such dependence in other model subjects (N = 3), and  ASF outbreaks were recorded in wild boars at a density significantly lower than the recommended value. A review of foreign and national scientific publications has shown that such control methods as depopulation is just one part of the whole set of measures taken to eradicate African swine fever in the wild. The measure  is effective only when 70–80%  of animals are culled in a short time, which is practically impossible due to the high costs and some peculiarities of the population control and depopulation  process. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that a decrease in the number of wild boars does not guarantee to stop further spread of infection in the Russian Federation and it should be considered as just one part of the whole set of measures taken together with other anti-epizootic measures to eliminate and prevent ASF.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>африканская чума свиней</kwd><kwd>плотность популяции дикого кабана</kwd><kwd>депопуляция</kwd><kwd>логистическая регрессия</kwd><kwd>стратегия ликвидации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>African swine fever</kwd><kwd>density  of wild boar population</kwd><kwd>depopulation</kwd><kwd>logistic regression</kwd><kwd>elimination strategy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках государственного задания ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр вирусологии и микробиологии».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in the framework of the State Assignment of the Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балышев В. 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