<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2021-2-37-82-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-555</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОРОНАВИРУСНАЯ ИНФЕКЦИЯ (COVID-19)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Создание вакцины против коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) плотоядных животных «Карнивак-Ков»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of Carnivac-Cov vaccine against coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in carnivores</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9494-8537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галкина</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galkina</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галкина Татьяна Сергеевна, кандидат ветеринарных наук, заведующий лабораторией профилактики болезней мелких домашних животных</p><p>600901, г. Владимир, мкр. Юрьевец</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana S. Galkina, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Head of Laboratory for Pet Disease Prevention</p><p>600901, Vladimir, Yur’evets</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galkina_ts@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4288-1964</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестеров Александр Александрович, кандидат ветеринарных наук, младший научный сотрудник референтной лаборатории болезней крупного рогатого скота</p><p>Владимир</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander А. Nesterov, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Junior Researcher, Reference Laboratory for Bovine Diseases</p><p>Vladimir</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nesterov@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9880-9657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борисов Алексей Валерьевич, кандидат ветеринарных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории профилактики ящура</p><p>Владимир</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Borisov, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Leading Researcher, Laboratory for FMD Prevention</p><p>Vladimir</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borisov_av@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1659-3256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чвала</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chvala</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чвала Илья Александрович, кандидат ветеринарных наук, заместитель директора по НИР и мониторингу</p><p>Владимир</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Chvala, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Deputy Director for Research and Monitoring</p><p>Vladimir</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chvala@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-3261</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кононов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кононов Александр Владимирович, кандидат ветеринарных наук, заместитель директора по НИР и развитию</p><p>Владимир</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Kononov, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine), Deputy Director for Research and Development</p><p>Vladimir</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kononov@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный центр охраны здоровья животных» (ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGBI “Federal Centre for Animal Health” (FGBI “ARRIAH”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галкина Т.С., Нестеров А.А., Борисов А.В., Чвала И.А., Кононов А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галкина Т.С., Нестеров А.А., Борисов А.В., Чвала И.А., Кононов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galkina T.S., Nesterov A.A., Borisov A.V., Chvala I.A., Kononov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/555">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/555</self-uri><abstract><p>Для обеспечения эпизоотического и ветеринарного благополучия Российской Федерации и предотвращения распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции среди людей первостепенное значение имеет вопрос формирования специфической защиты среди восприимчивых плотоядных животных против COVID-19, возбудитель которого обладает зоонозным потенциалом. В статье представлены результаты разработки, а также оценки безвредности и эффективности инактивированной сорбированной цельновирионной вакцины против коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) для плотоядных животных «Карнивак-Ков», предназначенной для специфической профилактики заболевания пушных зверей и животных-компаньонов (собак и кошек). Разработку и контроль качества препарата осуществляли согласно требованиям законодательства Российской Федерации на базе подведомственного Россельхознадзору ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ» (г. Владимир). Клинические испытания проводили в условиях звероводческих хозяйств, ветеринарных госпиталей и приютов для животных. В общей сложности при проведении доклинических и клинических исследований участвовало более 330 голов животных (пушные звери, кошки, собаки). Проведенные испытания препарата показали его безвредность для целевых животных. Через 14 суток после двукратного внутримышечного введения иммунизирующей дозы (1,0 см3 ) «Карнивак-Ков» вызывает формирование иммунного ответа против SARS-CoV-2 продолжительностью не менее 6 мес. Транспортировка, хранение и применение препарата не требует обеспечения особых условий. Вакцина может свободно использоваться в условиях звероводческих хозяйств и ветеринарных клиник. «Карнивак-Ков» является первым в мире инструментом специфической профилактики COVID-19 у животных. Препарат успешно прошел всесторонний контроль качества и зарегистрирован на территории Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Development of specific protection in susceptible carnivores against COVID-19 caused by zoonotic agent is of great importance for maintaining epidemic and veterinary favourable situation in the Russian Federation and prevention of new coronavirus infection spread in humans. Development of inactivated adsorbed whole-virion vaccine (Carnivac-Cov) against coronavirus infection (COVID-19) for carnivores intended for specific disease prevention in fur animals and pet animals (cats and dogs) and tests of the vaccine for its safety and effectiveness are described in the paper. The vaccine was developed and tested at the FGBI “ARRIAH” (Vladimir) subordinated to the Rosselkhoznadzor in accordance with the Russian Federation legislation requirements. Clinical trials were carried out on fur farms, in veterinary clinics and animal shelters. More than 330 animals (fur animals, cats, dogs) were involved in the preclinical and clinical trials. The trials have demonstrated that the vaccine is safe for target animals. Carnivac-Cov vaccine administered twice intramuscularly at the dose of 1.0 cm3 induces anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response 14 days after the second administration that lasts for at least 6 months. The vaccine transportation, storage and application do not require any specific protective equipment. The vaccine can be used on fur farms and in veterinary clinics without limitations. Carnivac-Cov is the first tool for specific COVID-19 prevention in animals. The vaccine has successfully passed comprehensive quality control and is registered in the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>безвредность и эффективность вакцины</kwd><kwd>пушное звероводство</kwd><kwd>животные-компаньоны</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>vaccine safety and effectiveness</kwd><kwd>fur animal farming</kwd><kwd>pet animals</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ» в рамках тематики научно-исследовательских работ «Разработка комплексной системы контроля инфекционных болезней животных и совершенствование методов исследования остатков запрещенных и вредных веществ в организме животных, кормах и продуктах животного происхождения»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was funded by the FGBI “ARRIAH” as a part of the research activities “Development of integrated system for infectious animal disease control and improvement of the test methods for banned and hazardous substance residues in live animals, feed and animal products”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Larsen C. S., Paludan S. R. Corona’s new coat: SARS-CoV-2 in Danish minks and implications for travel medicine. Travel Med. Infect. Dis. 2020; 38:101922. DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101922.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larsen C. S., Paludan S. R. Corona’s new coat: SARS-CoV-2 in Danish minks and implications for travel medicine. Travel Med. Infect. Dis. 2020; 38:101922. DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101922.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fenollar F., Mediannikov O., Maurin M., Devaux C., Colson P., Levasseur A., et al. Mink, SARS-CoV-2, and the human-animal interface. Front. Microbiol. 2021; 12:663815. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.663815.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fenollar F., Mediannikov O., Maurin M., Devaux C., Colson P., Levasseur A., et al. Mink, SARS-CoV-2, and the human-animal interface. Front. Microbiol. 2021; 12:663815. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.663815.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andersen K. G., Rambaut A., Lipkin W. I., Holmes E. C., Garry R. F. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nature Med. 2020; 26 (4): 450–452. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andersen K. G., Rambaut A., Lipkin W. I., Holmes E. C., Garry R. F. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nature Med. 2020; 26 (4): 450–452. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Q., Zhang H., Gao J., Huang K., Yang Y., Hui X., et al. A serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 in cat in Wuhan. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 2020; 9 (1): 2013–2019. DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1817796.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Q., Zhang H., Gao J., Huang K., Yang Y., Hui X., et al. A serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 in cat in Wuhan. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 2020; 9 (1): 2013–2019. DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1817796.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sit T. H. C., Brackman C. J., Ip S. M., Tam K. W. S., Law P. Y. T., To E. M. W., et al. Infection of dogs with SARS-CoV-2. Nature. 2020; 586 (7831): 776–778. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2334-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sit  T.  H.  C., Brackman  C.  J., Ip  S.  M., Tam  K.  W.  S., Law  P.  Y.  T., To  E.  M.  W.,  et  al. Infection of dogs with SARS-CoV-2. Nature. 2020; 586 (7831): 776–778. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2334-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herrera N. G., Morano N. C., Celikgil A., Georgiev G. I., Malonis R. J., Lee J. H., et al. Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein: Biophysical, biochemical, structural, and antigenic analysis. ACS Omega. 2021; 6 (1): 85– 102. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03512.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herrera N. G., Morano N. C., Celikgil A., Georgiev G. I., Malonis R. J., Lee J. H., et al. Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein: Biophysical, biochemical, structural, and antigenic analysis. ACS Omega. 2021; 6 (1): 85– 102. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03512.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chu H., Chan J. F., Wang Y., Yuen T. T., Chai Y., Hou Y., et al. Comparative replication and immune activation profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in human lungs: an ex vivo study with implications for the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2020; 71 (6): 1400–1409. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa410.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chu H., Chan J. F., Wang Y., Yuen T. T., Chai Y., Hou Y., et al. Comparative replication and immune activation profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in human lungs: an ex vivo study with implications for the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2020; 71 (6): 1400–1409. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa410.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cui J., Li F., Shi Z. L. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2019; 17 (3): 181–192. DOI: 10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cui J., Li F., Shi Z. L. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2019; 17 (3): 181–192. DOI: 10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oreshkova N., Molenaar R. J., Vreman S., Harders F., Oude Munnink B. B., Hakze-van der Honing R. W., et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in farmed minks, the Netherlands, April and May 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020; 25 (23): 2001005. DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.23.2001005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oreshkova  N., Molenaar  R.  J., Vreman  S., Harders  F., Oude Munnink B. B., Hakze-van der Honing R. W., et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in farmed minks, the Netherlands, April and May 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020; 25 (23): 2001005. DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.23.2001005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richard M., Kok A., de Meulder D., Bestebroer T. M., Lamers M. M., Okba N. M. A., et al. SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted via contact and via the air between ferrets. Nat. Commun. 2020; 11 (1):3496. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-02017367-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richard M., Kok A., de Meulder D., Bestebroer T. M., Lamers M. M., Okba N. M. A., et al. SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted via contact and via the air between ferrets. Nat. Commun. 2020; 11 (1):3496. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-02017367-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi J., Wen Z., Zhong G., Yang H., Wang C., Huang B., et al. Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2. Science. 2020; 368 (6494): 1016–1020. DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi J., Wen Z., Zhong G., Yang H., Wang C., Huang B., et al. Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2. Science. 2020; 368 (6494): 1016–1020. DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pickering B. S., Smith G., Pinette M. M., Embury-Hyatt C., Moffat E., Marszal P., Lewis C. E. Susceptibility of domestic swine to experimental infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2021; 27 (1): 104–112. DOI: 10.3201/eid2701.203399.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pickering B. S., Smith G., Pinette M. M., Embury-Hyatt C., Moffat E., Marszal P., Lewis C. E. Susceptibility of domestic swine to experimental infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2021; 27 (1): 104–112. DOI: 10.3201/eid2701.203399.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВОЗ предупредила о риске передачи коронавируса от норки к человеку. Ветеринария и жизнь. 2020; 12 (43): 8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO warned about the risk of coronavirus transmission from minks to humans [VOZ predupredila o riske peredachi koronavirusa ot norki k cheloveku]. Veterinary and Life. 2020; 12 (43): 8. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OIE. Technical Factsheet: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 in animals. Available at: https://www.oie.int/app/uploads/2021/03/en-factsheet-sarscov-2.pdf (date of access: 20.01.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OIE. Technical Factsheet: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 in animals. Available at: https://www.oie.int/app/uploads/2021/03/en-factsheet-sarscov-2.pdf (date of access: 20.01.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OIE statement on COVID-19 and mink. Available at: https://www.oie.int/en/oie-statement-on-covid-19-and-mink/ (date of access: 20.01.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OIE statement on COVID-19 and mink. Available at: https://www.oie.int/en/oie-statement-on-covid-19-and-mink/ (date of access: 20.01.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волкова М. А., Зиняков Н. Г., Ярославцева П. С., Андрейчук Д. Б., Галкина Т. С., Чвала Ил. А. Методические рекомендации по выявлению антител к вирусу SARS-CoV-2 в сыворотках крови восприимчивых животных иммуноферментным методом: утв. ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ» 22.01.2021 № 01-21. Владимир: ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ»; 2021. 18 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volkova M. A., Zinyakov N. G., Yaroslavtseva P. S., Andreychuk D. B., Galkina T. S., Chvala I. A. Methodical guidelines for ELISA detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in sera from susceptible animals [Metodicheskie rekomendacii po vyyavleniyu antitel k virusu SARS-CoV-2 v syvorotkah krovi vospriimchivyh zhivotnyh immunofermentnym metodom]: approved by the FGBI “ARRIAH” 22.01.2021 No. 01-21. Vladimir: FGBI “ARRIAH”; 2021. 18 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
