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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X-2019-3-30-51-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-429</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИЗООТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIZOOTOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИИ ВИРУСА НИЗКОПАТОГЕННОГО ГРИППА А/Н9N2 В МИРЕ И НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИСКОРЕНЕНИЯ БОЛЕЗНИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SPREAD OF LOW PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA А/Н9N2 IN THE WORLD AND RUSSIAN FEDERATION. CHALLENGES OF DISEASE ERADICATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-0720</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>М. C.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заведующий лабораторией, кандидат ветеринарных наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Laboratory, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volkov_ms@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9732-1083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варкентин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varkentin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заведующий сектором, кандидат ветеринарных наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Sector, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varkentin@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-1772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ирза</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Irza</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Главный научный сотрудник, доктор ветеринарных наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chief Researcher, Doctor of Science (Veterinary Medicine)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irza@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ», г. Владимир</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGBI "ARRIAH", Vladimir</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волков М.C., Варкентин А.В., Ирза В.Н., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волков М.C., Варкентин А.В., Ирза В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkov M.S., Varkentin A.V., Irza V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/429">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/429</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены эпизоотологические данные по распространению низкопатогенного гриппа птиц подтипа Н9 среди домашних птиц в мире и на территории Российской Федерации. Ввиду отсутствия обязательной нотификации о случаях возникновения данного заболевания в МЭБ для анализа широты распространения инфекции использованы данные из научных источников. Описаны случаи клинически выраженного заболевания при ассоциированном течении низкопатогенного гриппа в популяции птиц сельскохозяйственного назначения. Освещены проблемные вопросы искоренения инфекции. Глобализация распространения вируса А/Н9 среди домашних птиц, его быстрая эволюция и зоонозный потенциал требуют пристального внимания к данной проблеме. Поскольку признаки и течение болезни схожи с другими инфекционными заболеваниями птиц (ньюкаслская болезнь, инфекционный ларинготрахеит, инфекционный бронхит кур, метапневмовирусная инфекция, микоплазмоз, гемофилез и др.), в рутинную лабораторную практику при уточнении диагноза необходимо включить исследования на низкопатогенный грипп птиц, что позволит оперативно реагировать на угрозу. Циркуляция вируса Н9 отражается не только на клиническом состоянии птицы и ее продуктивности, но также влияет и на эффективность плановых иммунизаций живыми вакцинами, ослабляя их протективное действие и увеличивая степень поствакцинальных реакций. Несмотря на возможность специфической профилактики заболевания, мнения ученых разделились на за и против. С одной стороны, вакцинация предотвращает экономический ущерб и экскрецию вируса во внешнюю среду, с другой стороны, может способствовать «тихому» распространению вируса и его ускоренной изменчивости, что характерно при низкой напряженности популяционного иммунитета.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper demonstrates data on global and national spread of subtype H9 low pathogenic avian influenza in poultry. Due to no need of the mandatory disease notification to the OIE, published data are used for the analysis of the infection spread. Cases of combined low pathogenic avian influenza clinical manifestation in poultry population are described. Challenges of the infection eradication are addressed. Global spread of А/Н9 virus in poultry, its rapid evolution and zoonotic potential require close attention. Since the disease signs and clinical course are similar to the ones of other avian infectious diseases (Newcastle disease, infectious laryngotracheitis, infectious bronchitis, metapneumovirus infection, mycoplasmosis, infectious coryza, etc.), the routine laboratory diagnosis should include tests for low pathogenic avian influenza thus facilitating the rapid response to the threat. Н9 virus circulation is reflected not only in the physical condition of birds and their productivity, but it also affects the live vaccines’ efficacy during scheduled immunizations through the reduction of their protective effect and increase of post-vaccination reactions. In spite of the availability of specific prevention, the opinions of the researchers divided between its opponents and proponents. On the one hand, the vaccination eliminates the economic loses and the virus escape into the environment, but on the other hand, it can aid to “silent” spread of the virus and its established variation that is typical in case of low strength of the poultry population immunity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>низкопатогенный грипп птиц (НГП)</kwd><kwd>птицеводство</kwd><kwd>респираторный синдром</kwd><kwd>ассоциированное течение</kwd><kwd>Н9N2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI)</kwd><kwd>poultry industry</kwd><kwd>respiratory syndrome</kwd><kwd>combined disease</kwd><kwd>Н9N2</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарные правила лабораторной диагностики гриппа А птиц: утв. приказом Минсельхоза РФ от 03.04.2006 г. № 105. – URL: https://www.fsvps.ru/fsvps-docs/ru/iac/flu/laws/prikaz-105.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veterinary rules of avian influenza A laboratory diagnosis [Veterinarnye pravila laboratornoj diagnostiki grippa A ptic]: approved by the Order of the RF Ministry of Agriculture of April 03, 2006 No. 105. 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