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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">veterinary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринария сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Veterinary Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304-196X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6959</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Veinard"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29326/2304-196X2018-1-24-15-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">veterinary-341</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БОЛЕЗНИ ПТИЦ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AVIAN DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КАЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ОЦЕНКА РИСКА РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ ВИРУСА ГРИППА ПТИЦ ЧЕРЕЗ ИНКУБАЦИОННОЕ ЯЙЦО</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>QUALITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT OF AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS TRANSMISSION THROUGH INCUBATION EGGS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname> Оганесян</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oganesyan</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заведующий сектором, кандидат ветеринарных наук.</p><p>Владимир.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Unit, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine).</p><p>Vladimir.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oganesyan@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname> Варкентин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varkentin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник, кандидат ветеринарных наук.</p><p>Владимир.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine).</p><p>Vladimir.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varkentin@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баскакова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baskakova</surname><given-names>N. Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ведущий юрисконсульт.</p><p>Владимир.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Leading Legal Advisor.</p><p>Vladimir.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baskakova@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname> Караулов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaulov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руководитель ИАЦ, кандидат ветеринарных наук.</p><p>Владимир.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Head of the Information Analysis Centre, Candidate of Science (Veterinary Medicine).</p><p>Vladimir.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karaulov@arriah.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «ВНИИЗЖ», г. Владимир</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGBI "ARRIAH", Vladimir</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9;  Оганесян А.С.,  Варкентин А.В., Баскакова Н.Е.,  Караулов А.К., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru"> Оганесян А.С.,  Варкентин А.В., Баскакова Н.Е.,  Караулов А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Oganesyan A.S., Varkentin A.V., Baskakova N.Y., Karaulov A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/341">https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/341</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен анализ литературы, посвященной проблеме распространения вируса гриппа птиц с инкубационным яйцом, и качественная оценка риска ввоза в Российскую Федерацию инкубационного яйца в условиях действия ветеринарно-санитарных мер по гриппу при импорте. Отмечена вероятность передачи низкопатогенных вирусов гриппа птиц через инкубационное яйцо птиц сельскохозяйственного назначения, сопряженная с вероятностью контаминации этими агентами поверхности яйца и тары. Высокая вероятность распространения вируса гриппа птиц с товарным яйцом отмечена у перепелов, индеек, гусей, кур. Доказательства истинной вертикальной передачи высокопатогенного гриппа птиц ограниченны, при этом признается, что инфекция проявляется в виде системного поражения органов (бурса, тимус, селезенка, сердце, поджелудочная железа, почки, головной мозг, трахея, легкие, надпочечники и скелетные мышцы). Отмечается, что сохранность вируса может быть более продолжительна на перьях, в мясе птицы, а также что благоприятными условиями для сохранения жизнеспособности вируса во внешней среде являются повышенная влажность, нейтральное значение рН и низкая температура. Меры по ограничению перемещения инкубационного яйца рассматриваются как наиболее адекватные для предотвращения распространения заболевания между хозяйствами. Подчеркивается, что отсутствие рисков возникновения на своей территории гриппа птиц в орнитофауне не может гарантировать ни одна из стран. Меры по гриппу птиц, рекомендованные Всемирной организацией здравоохранения животных, при импорте инкубационного яйца признаны адекватными для предотвращения международного распространения болезни вне зависимости от патогенности вируса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Analysis of literature on avian influenza (AI) virus transmission through incubation eggs and qualitative assessment of risk of incubation egg import to the Russian Federation in the contest of veterinary and sanitary measures against avian influenza currently in place for imported products are presented. Probability of low-pathogenic AI virus transmission through poultry incubation eggs due to possible contamination of the egg and package surfaces with the said agents is indicated. Probability of AI virus transmission through commercial eggs derived from quails, turkeys, geese, chickens is shown to be high. Evidence of actual vertical transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus is limited, however, it is recognized that the infection manifests by systemic lesions in the organs (bursa, thymus, spleen, heart, pancreas, kidneys, brain, trachea, lungs, adrenals and skeletal muscles). It is noted that the virus can persist on bird feathers and in bird meat for a long period. In addition, high humidity, neutral pH level and low temperature are shown to be favourable conditions for the virus survival in the ambient environment. Incubation egg movement restrictive measures are considered the most adequate for prevention of the disease spread between holdings. It is underlined that no country can guarantee the absence of the risk of avian influenza occurrence in avifauna. Anti-AI measures for incubation egg importation recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health are considered adequate for prevention of international disease spread regardless of the virus pathogenicity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпизоотология</kwd><kwd>анализ риска при импорте</kwd><kwd>грипп птиц</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>analysis of import-associated risk</kwd><kwd>avian influenza</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В России растет производство инкубационного яйца // Агроинвестор. – URL: http://www.agroinvestor.ru/companies/article/22826-v-rossii-rastet-proizvodstvo-inkubatsionnogo-yaytsa/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Incubation egg production is on rise in Russia // Agroinvestor. – URL: http://www.agroinvestor.ru/companies/article/22826v-rossii-rastet-proizvodstvo-inkubatsionnogo-yaytsa/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Единые ветеринарные (ветеринарно-санитарные) требования, предъявляемые к товарам, подлежащим ветеринарному контролю (надзору): утв. 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